Axial Flashcards
1
Q
Axial Skeleton
Composed of the following bones:
A
• Skull
• Auditory Ossicles
• Hyoid Bone
• Vertebrae
• Thoracic Cage
2
Q
The skull has – bones
A
22
3
Q
The auditory ossicles have – bones
A
6
4
Q
The hyoid bone has - - bones
A
1
5
Q
The vertebrae has - bones
A
26
6
Q
The thoracic cage has - - bones?
A
25
7
Q
total axial bones
A
80
8
Q
3 bone markings
A
✓ ARTICULATING
✓ NON - ARTICULATING
✓ DEPRESSIONS AND OPENINGS
9
Q
Articulating (3)
A
- Head
- condyle
- facet
10
Q
enlarged end
A
head
11
Q
smooth rounded articular surface
A
Condyle
12
Q
smooth flattened surface
A
Facet
13
Q
NON - ARTICULATING (5)
A
- Tuberosity
- Process
- Crest
- Tubercle
- Line
14
Q
knob/enlargement
A
Tuberosity
15
Q
prominent projection
A
Process
16
Q
prominent ridge
A
Crest
17
Q
small rounded projection
A
Tubercle
18
Q
elongated ridge
A
Line
19
Q
DEPRESSIONS & OPENINGS (5)
A
- Foramen
- Fossa
- Meatus
- Fissure
- Sinus
20
Q
opening/hole
A
Foremen
21
Q
depression
A
Fossa
22
Q
tunnel-like opening
A
meatus
23
Q
Cleft
A
Fissure
24
Q
Cavity
A
Sinus
25
The skull has - - bones
22
26
The skull is divided into 2 parts:
a) Calvarium/Cranium
b) Cranial base/ Facial
bones
27
Skull: calvarium/ cranium
(6)
Frontal
Parietal (2)
Temporal (2)
Occipital
Sphenoid
Ethmoid
28
4 parts of frontal bone
✓ Squamous
✓ Supraorbital Margins
✓ Supraorbital Foramen
✓ Glabella
29
Forms forehead, superior part of orbits, and most of the anterior cranial fossa;
contains sinuses
FRONTAL BONE
30
Internally, the frontal bone forms the ______, which supports the lobes of the brain.
Anterior cranial fossa
31
The frontal bone is connected to the two parietal bones by the _____
coronal suture
32
forehead, the most anterior part of the frontal
area
squamous part of frontal bone
33
superior border of each orbit of the eye contains a_______
passageway of supraorbital artery
and nerves.
supraorbital foramen or notch
34
allows the passage of a blood vessel and nerve for the eyelid and eye.
supraorbital foramen or notch
35
Between the two orbits is the _____, a smooth region of bone.
glabella
36
thickened part which lie under the
eyebrows. This is where the forehead ends.
Supraorbital margin
37
Form most of the superior and lateral aspects of the skull
parietal bones
38
form nearly half of the superior portion of the skull.
parietal bones
39
The two parietal bones are joined by the
sagittal suture
40
interlocking joints of the skull
sutures
41
joint between the parietal and frontal
bone.
coronal suture
42
joint between the parietal and occipital
bone.
Lambdoid Suture
43
joint between the parietal and
temporal bone.
Squamous Suture
44
Form inferolateral aspects of the skull and contribute to the middle cranial fossa
temporal bones
45
TEMPORAL BONES
Form inferolateral aspects of the skull and contribute
to the middle cranial fossa
Best viewed on______
lateral position
46
3 major parts of temporal bones
1. Squamous
2. Tympanic
3. Petrous
47
The -- part of each temporal bone meets the parietal bone.
squamous part
48
The - part of the temporal bone has the prominent external auditory canal (external acoustic meatus)
tympanic part
49
The __ part of the temporal bone extends inward toward the center of the skull.
petrous part
50
3 parts under the squamous part of the temporal bone
✓ Zygomatic Process
✓ Zygomatic Arch
✓ Mandibular fossa + Condylar Process
(mandible) = Temporomandibular Joint
51
when the zygomatic process of the
temporal bone meets the zygomatic bone, it forms an arch.
Zygomatic arch
52
condylar process of the
mandible articulates with the mandibular fossa
Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ)
53
The _ is the attachment site of the mandible
Mandibular fossa
54
through which the sound enters
the ear, thus enables sound waves to reach the eardrum.
External Auditory Meatus (external auditory canal)
55
Is a thick, bony ridge, is hollow, and houses the middle and inner ears.
Petrous part
56
supports the temporal brain
Middle cranial fossa
57
passageway of the jugular vein
Jugular Foramen
58
Transmits the internal carotid artery into the cranial
cavity.
Carotid canal
59
between petrous temporal and sphenoid. Most
medial portion
Foramen lacerum
60
transmits cranial nerves.
Internal Acoustic Meatus
61
which acts as an anchoring site for some neck
muscles. Can be felt as a lump just posterior to the ear. The mastoid
has many air cavities called “mastoid air cells”
Mastoid process
62
needle like process which is not just for neck
attachment but also for tongue muscles.
Styloid process
63
allows passage of the maxillary division of
cranial nerve V.
Foramen Rotundum
64
allows passage of the mandibular division of cranial
nerve V.
foramen ovale
65
allows passage of the middle meningeal
artery.
Foramen Spinosum
66
The styloid process serves as an attachment site for three muscles necessary for movement of the (3)
tongue, hyoid bone, and pharynx
67
supports the cerebellum
Posterior cranial fossa
68
largest foramen of the skull, spinal
cord passes through.
Foramen Magnum
69
located on each lateral side of the
foramen magnum. This is where C1 articulates.
Occipital condyles
70
Most bulging part of the
posterior skull.
External occipital protuberance
