Aves Flashcards

1
Q

what are the 4 pre adaptions in theropods that allowed flight to happen

A
  • feathers
  • pneumatized bones
  • endothermy
  • strong legs
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what are features birds share with reptiles

A

diapsid
- single occipital condyle
- epidermal scales
- oviparious
- gizzard in digestive system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what are features both birds and theropods share?

A
  • feathers
  • synsacrum
  • pnuematized bones
  • fulcra
  • static lungs with air sac
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what are the derived features of birds

A
  • feather covering majority of body
  • edentulous
  • sternal keel
  • reduced reproductive system
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is the issue with bird phylogeny

A

it is hard to figure out which is the common ancestor because there is so much diversity so they decided to go with hard polytomy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

how do the muscles and bones work to produce flight

A

downstroke (more powerful)
- the pectoralis major pulls down the humerus
upstroke
- the fulcra holds the energy of the downstroke and releases during the upstroke while the supracoracodeus contracts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

how do the feathers aid in flight

A
  • they can do the upstroke without creating down pressure
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what are types of feathers and how do they help?

A

down
- thermal regulation
wing and tail
- asymmetrical and symmetrical for flight dynamics
contour
- creates an aerodynamic surface

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

describe at least 2 ways birds get their colour

A
  • pigment absorbs all but one specific wavelength
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

understand the main reproductive adaption of birds

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what were the skeletal changes from basal theropods to modern moderns and what were the roles of it

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly