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ANATOMY II > Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) > Flashcards

Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) Flashcards

1
Q

What do the sensory neurons convey info from?

A

from the interoceptors such as chemoreceptors and mechanoreceptors to the integrating center in the CNS

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2
Q

Which type of muscle do the motor units not relay impulse to (ANS)?

A

Skeletal

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3
Q

What’s the difference between ANS and SNS regarding neuron pathways?

A

ANS has two motor neurons: preganglionic and postganglionic. Whereas SNS, the motor axon goes from the CNS directly to the skeletal muscle.

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4
Q

Explain a preganglionic neuron.

A

Cell bodies within the CNS (in lateral grey horns (sympathetic…) of spinal cord and in the nuclei of cranial nerves III, VII, IX, X (parasympathetic…)

Myelinated fibers

From CNS to autonomic ganglion

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5
Q

Explain postganglionic neuron.

A

Within the autonomic ganglion.

Unmyelinated

From ganglion directly to effector.

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6
Q

Does the ANS work with or without conscious control?

A

Usually without conscious control.

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7
Q

What is the enteric division?

A

A specialized network of nerves and ganglia in the GI tract (ANS)

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8
Q

Where are the visceral afferent neurons located?

A

in the dorsal root ganglia of the spinal nerves

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9
Q

Where are the visceral efferent neurons located?

A

Mainly in the lateral grey bodies with some in the anterior horn.

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10
Q

Where does the synapse between pre and post-ganglion happen?

A

autonomic ganglia

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11
Q

What are the 3 types of ganglia?

A

1 - Sympathetic trunk (sympathetic)
2 - Prevertebral ganglion (sympathetic)
3 - Terminal (intramural) ganglion (parasympathetic)

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12
Q

Where is the sympathetic trunk located?

A

Closely on each side of the vertebral column

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13
Q

Where are the prevertebral (collateral) ganglion found?

A

Found anterior to the large abdominal arteries.

Like the, 1)celiac ganglion

2) Superior mesenteric ganglia
3) Inferior mesenteric ganglia

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14
Q

Which 2 receive their preganglionic fibers from the thoracolumbar (sympathetic) division?

A

sympathetic trunk and prevertebral ganglia

T1-T12, L1, L2

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15
Q

Where are the terminal (intramusal) ganglion located?

A

Very close to or in the visceral effectors (smooth/cardiac muscle/glands/organs)

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16
Q

Where does the terminal (intramusal) ganglion receive their preganglionic fibers?

A

Directly from the craniosacral (parasympathetic) division of ANS FROM CIII, CVII, CIX, S2-S4

17
Q

All ganglia receive preganglionic neurons except for…

A

the greater splanchnic nerve that stimulates the adrenal gland

18
Q

Craniosacral is (parasympathetic/sympathetic).

Thoracolumbar is (parasympathetic/sympathetic).

A

Craniosacral - parasympathetic

Thoracolumbar - sympathetic

19
Q

The spinal segments involved in the sympathetic divisions are?

A

T1-T12, L1, L2

20
Q

The preganglionic fibers enter the sympathetic chain via the?

A

white rami

21
Q

after synapsing, the postganglionic fibers enter the ventral rami, by way of the (grey/white) rami commissures.

A

grey

22
Q

Do all presynaptic (sympathetic) fibers synapse in the sympathetic trunk?

A

No

23
Q

What are presynaptic nerves called?

A

Splanchnic

24
Q

Where are the splanchnic nerves found?

A

below diaphragm

25
Q

One presynaptic neuron may synapse with as many as _____ post synaptic neurons.

A

20

26
Q

The greater splanchnic nerve stimulates the adrenal gland (directly/indirectly).

A

Directly

27
Q

What is the celiac plexus made up of?

A

Comprised of celiac ganglia, superior mesenteric ganglia, and other small ganglia.

28
Q

Where does the celiac plexus lie?

A

On the anterior aorta at the origin of the celiac artery

29
Q

Whats the other word for celiac plexus?

A

Solar plexus

30
Q

Difference in para and sympathetic regarding preganglionic cell bodies and where they are found.

A

Symp - lateral grey horns

Para - lateral grey horns and in the nuclei of cranial nerves III, VII, IX, X

31
Q

All presynaptic (parasympathetic) neurons synapse in the?

A

terminal (intramusal) ganglia

32
Q

What do ciliary ganglia innervate?

A

Smooth muscle of the eye

33
Q

What do pterygopalatine, otic, and submandibular ganglia do?

A

Send postganglionic axons to many glands and to the mucosa of the face.

34
Q

What do postganglionic fibers release in the sympathetic division? WHY?

A

Norepinephrine; this will increase activities of the organs.

35
Q

Post ganglionic fibers (sympathetic) are also called?

A

Adrenergic fibers

36
Q

What do postganglionic fibers release in the parasympathetic division? WHY?

A

acetylcholine; decrease activity

37
Q

Post ganglionic fibers (parasympathetic) are also called?

A

cholinergic fibers

ANATOMY II (18 decks)

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