Atomic Structure Flashcards

1
Q

What is each element made of?

A

Only one type of atom

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2
Q

What does ‘Na’ represent?

A

Sodium

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3
Q

What type of substances are shown in the periodic table?

A

Elements

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4
Q

What are the elements in the periodic table arranged in?

A

Groups which have similar properties

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5
Q

What is the structure of an atom like?

A

A tiny nucleus made of protons and neutrons surrounded by shells of electrons

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6
Q

What happens when elements react?

A

Their atoms are joined and they form a compound

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7
Q

What type of substance is sodium chloride?

A

A compound

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8
Q

What charge do protons have?

A

Positive

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9
Q

What charge do neutrons have?

A

No charge

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10
Q

What charge do electrons have?

A

Negative

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11
Q

Why does an atom have no overall charge?

A

Because the number of protons is equal to the number of electrons so the charges are equal and opposite

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12
Q

What does the atomic number of an element represent?

A

The number of protons in the nucleus of its atoms

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13
Q

What does the mass number represent?

A

The sum of the amount of protons and neutrons

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14
Q

How many protons, neutrons and electrons are there in an atom of aluminium? (atomic number = 13, mass number = 27)

A

13 protons, 13 electrons and 14 neutrons

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15
Q

What are energy levels represented as in an atom?

A

Shells

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16
Q

How many electrons can the lowest energy level (first shell) hold?

A

2

17
Q

How many electrons can all the energy levels (shells) hold in an atom?

A

8

18
Q

What do elements in the same group have in common in terms of electrons?

A

They all have the same amount of electrons in their outer shells

19
Q

About how many elements are there?

A

100

20
Q

What do elements in group 0 have the structure of and why?

A

A noble gas because they have a full outer shell of electrons