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Infectologia > ATB > Flashcards

ATB Flashcards

1
Q

Gram +

A

parede celular espessa

🔵 COCOS
- coagulase negativo (S.epidermidis)
- coagulase positvo (s.aureus)
- Streptococo pyogenes (pele), pneumoniae (VAS), agalactiae (TGU), bovis (colorretal)
- Enterococos faecium e fecalis

🔵 BACILOS
- Listeria
- clostridioides difficile

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2
Q

gram -

A

parede celular fina + membrana externa

🔵 COCO
- neisseria e moraxela

🔵 BACILOS ENTERICOS
- shigella, salmonella, klebsiela . morganela, yersinia, Serratia, Proteus
- haemophilus
- pseudomonas, acinetobacter

🔵 ANAEROBIO
- bacteroides fragilis

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3
Q

bizu

A

🔵 GRAM (+) SÃO MENINOS
Staphylococus
Streptococcus
Enterococcus
Clostridium
Bacillus

❗️exceção listeria , haemophilus, acinetobacter

🔴GRAM (-) SÃO MENINAS
Neisseria
Moraxella
Escherichia
Klebsiella
Salmonella
Pseudomonas
Shigella

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4
Q

bacterias atipicas

A

resistentes ao beta lactamicos, sulfas e aminoglociosideos

  • Gram (-) haemophilus, Legionela
  • sem PC : Mycoplasma, Chlamydia
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5
Q

ANTI-PSEUDOMONAS

A

CEfTAZIDIMA
PIPERACILINA
CEFEPIME
CARBAPENEMICOS (exceto ertapenem)
AZTREONAM
CIPROFLOXACINO/LEVO

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6
Q

cavidade oral

A

Gram+ e anaerobios
-Streptococo

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7
Q

VAS

A

gram - e gram +
-Streptococo
-Moraxela
-Haemophilus

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8
Q

TGI

A

gram (-) e anaerobios
- Bacteroidis fragilis e entericos

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9
Q

cobre somente gram +
cobre somente gram -
cobre atípicos

A
  • daptomicina, clindamicina, linelzolida, vancomicina
  • fosfomicina, nitrofurantoina, polimixina
  • quinolona, macrolideos, tetraciclina
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10
Q

beta lactamicos

A
  • penicilinas* e oxacilina e aminopenicilinas e ureidopenicilina, carbapenemicos, cefalosporinas, monobactamicos

▪️atuam na parede celular de gram+
▪️bactericidas

❗️S.aureus sao resistentes a penicilinas
❗️ penicilina so penetra BHE se houver meningite
❗️ penicilinas precisam ajuste renal exceto oca

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11
Q

OXacilina cobre

A

S.aureus MSSA
streptococo

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12
Q

aminopenicilina

A

GRAM+ (exceto S.aureus)
Haemophilus
BGN

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13
Q

Piperacilina (ureidopenicilina)

A

+ pseudomonas

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14
Q

penicilina + inibidor lactmase
(amovi-lav, tazocin, amp-sub)

A

+ MSSA
+ bacteroide fragilis
+ anaerobios

*tazocin = pseudomonas

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15
Q

cefalosporinas e acao

A

NAO AGEM CONTRA ENTEROCOCO (DIFERENTE DA PENICILINA ) NEM ANAEROBIOS*

▪️ 1 geração : gram+ PELE E PARTES MOLES (exceto enterococo) MSSA e streptoco, BGN
▪️ 2 geracao: acetilcefuroxima e cefaclor PARA IVAS
reduz MSSA; + Haemophilus e moraxela
▪️ 3 geracao: ceftriaxone, ceftazidima, cefotaxima
aumenta cobertura gram (-) para ITU/PAC/TGI
Pseudominas apenas para ceftazidima
▪️ 4 geração : cefepime para NEUTROPENIA
MSSA e streptococo, GRAM -, pseudomonas
▪️ 5 geracao: Ceftarolima
MRSA

CEFALOSPORINA + INIBIDOR BETA LACTAMASE
▪️CEFTAZIDIMA+ AVIBACTAM : BGN produtor de carbapenemase

  • CEFOXITINA unica cobre anaerobia ❗️
  • CEFTAZIDIMA NAO COBRE PNEUMOCOCO❗️
    APENAS CEFTRIAXONE NAO PRECISA AJUSTE RENAL❗️
  • NAO ATINGE SNC AS de 1 e 2❗️
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16
Q

qual a diferenca do cefepime para betalactamicos inibidores de betalactamase

A

as cefalosporinas nao cobrem anaeróbios nem enterococo como os inibidores e dentre elas, apenas a piperacilina cobre pseudomonas como a cefepime,a qual nao cobre enterococo

17
Q

agem contra MRSA

A

Vancomicina
Linezolida
Ceftarolima
Daptomicina

18
Q

carbapenemicos

A

MEROPENEM, IMIPENEM, ERTAPENEM

– MSSA, ENTEROCOCO (exceto ertapenem)
– BGN produtores ESBL
– pseudomonas (exceto ertapenem)
– bacteroides fragilis
– ESBL

19
Q

ESBL (beta lactamases de espectro expandido)

A

bacterias resistente a penicilinas e cefalosporinas
* e quinolonas tbm

TRATAMENTO. COM CARBAPENEMICO

20
Q

AZTREONAM

A

age apenas contra pseudominas e gram (-)

uso reservado a alergia a beta lactamicos

21
Q

convulsões e betalactamico

A

Cefepime
Imipenem

22
Q

quinolonas ação

A
  • acao atípicos, BGN, TB
  • Pneumococo (exceto cipro)
  • anaerobios (apenas moxi)
  • pseudomonas (cipro e levo apenas )

NAO AGEM CONTRA ENTEROCOCO E GRAM+ (exceto pneumococo)

❗️exceto moxifloxacino TODOS PRECISAM de AJUSTE RENAL
❗️evitar tomada junto com calcio, zinco, Mg+2
❗️ contraindicado na gestacao

23
Q

adversos das quinolonas

A
  • delirium em idosos
  • alargamento do QT
  • aneurisma de aorta e dissecção
  • ruptura de tendao
24
Q

macrolideos

A

agem contra atípicas e gram (-), exceto enterobacterias gram negativas

PAC, IST

❗️ Claritromicina + BCC pode causar insuficiencia renal
❗️ prolonga intervalo Qt

25
Q

tetraciclinas

A

doxiciclina
—cocos. gram +; IST; brucelose, riquetsiose

tigeciclina
– gram+ incluindo MRSA, BGN como enterococo enterobacterias e anaerobios
➖infecacao de pele, abdominal e pulmonary

CONTRAINDICADO NA GESTACAO

26
Q

LINCOSAMIDA

A

Clindamicina
* compete com macrolideos, nao usar junto

gram +, incluindo MRSA
anaerobios
plasmodium e toxoplasmose

27
Q

D- teste -positvo

A

resistencia a clindamicina

Infectologia (11 decks)

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