Assumption, weaken, strengthen

Question 1

claim/ conclusion

premise/ evidence

Question 2

[1] It is generally accepted that the color pink has a calming effect on people who are exposed to it. [2] It is no surprise that Elizabeth is so calm. [3] Her entire apartment is pink.

Answer 2

Conclusion [2] It is no surprise that Elizabeth is so calm

the premise/ evidence they just give you, you can’t really argue with it.

Question 3

Why test?

Answer 3

Ask yourself why is that true?
If the answer is “I don’t know, they just told me” It is not a claim/ conclusion, it is evidence.

On the other hand, if the answer I can tell you why based on something in the passage, then it is a claim/ conclusion.

Question 4

What are the 4 categories for assumptions?

Answer 4

1. causal - assuming this is the cause not something else
2. planning - you think the plan is going to work
3. analogy - you have two things that are comparable to each other
4. sampling - you are using a good sample to base your argument on

Question 5

How do you weaken a sampling assumption?

Answer 5

point out the differences between the sample and the whole

or

point out the gap in size

Question 6

How to strengthen a sampling assumption?

Answer 6

Show that the size is reasonable

Show that the sample is representative

Find additional examples ?

Question 7

what is a causal assumption?

Answer 7

just because two things occur at the same time, one causes the other

Question 8

how to weaken a causal assumption?

Answer 8

show another cause

show it is the other way around

show it is a coincidence, show one without the other

Question 9

how to strengthen a casual assumption?

Answer 9

showing more evidence and introducing more examples

rule out another cause

Question 10

what is an analogy assumption?

Answer 10

comparing unlike things

Question 11

how to weaken an analogy assumption?

Answer 11

Show the differences between the two things

Question 12

how to strengthen an analogy assumption?

Answer 12

Show that the two things are actually representative of each other

Show the similarities

Question 13

what is a planning assumption?

Answer 13

you have a plan and assume that the plan will work

assuming plan will work

and assuming that you are not going to cause worse stuff to happen

Question 14

how to weaken a planning assumption?

Answer 14

show how the plan might fail

or

show how the plan might be harmful

… point out problems

Question 15

how to strengthen a planning assumption?

Answer 15

show that the plan works

and

show that the plan is not harmful

Question 16

In 1800, 90 percent of the population lived on farms, today 10 percent of the population live on farms. Therefore, more people lived on farms in 1800

Answer 16

this is an example of a statistical issue …

we are assuming you are taking precents of similar numbers
so, the issue is you don’t know if you are taking precents of the same thing