ASEPSIS AND INFECTION CONTROL QUIZ Flashcards
what is the chain of infection
infectious agent
reservoir
portal of exit
mode of transmission
portal of entry
susceptible host
microorganisms include bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoa
infectious agent
is a place where microorganisms survive, multiply, and await transfer to a susceptible host
reservoir
what are the 3 groups of reservoirs in humans
infected
not infected
carriers
include such site such as blood, skin and mucous membranes. respiratory tract, genitourinary, gastrointestinal tract and transplacental
portal of exit
contact may be direct or indirect, through droplets, airborne etc
mode of transmission
organisms enter the body through the same routes they use for exiting
portal of entry
weakened immune system (either too old, too young)
susceptible host
how to break the chain
washing hands
covering coughs
disposing tissue
practising social distancing
using ppe
cleaning surfaces
5 stages of the course of infection
incubation period
prodromal stage
illness stage
convalescence
interval between entrance of pathogen into body and appearance of first symptoms
incubation period
interval from onset of nonspecific signs and symptoms to more specific symptoms
prodromal stage
interval when patient manifests signs and symptoms specific to the type of infection
illness stage
interval when acute symptoms of infection disappear
convalescence
a result from delivery of health services in a healthcare setting, where clients are at increased risk ; increased healthcare costs ; most are transmitted by healthcare workers and clients as a result of direct contact
nosocomial infection
infections that occur more than __ and within ___ are considered nosocomial
48-72 hours after admission
10 days after discharge
lower resistance to infectious microorganism ; exposure to an increased number and more types of disease causing organisms ; performance of invasive procedures
nosocomial infection
what are the factors influencing infection prevention and control
age
nutritional status
stress
disease process
sources of agents of HCAIs
exogenous
endogenous
hand, instruments, catheters, respiratory instruments, transfusion, IV system, linen and air
exogenous
oropharynx, respiratory, gastrointestinal and skin
endogenous
coagulate negative staphylococcus, staphylococcus epidermis
resident flora
gram negative becili, salmonella
transient flora
refers to the practice or procedures that help reduce the risk for infection
aseptic technique
2 types of asepsis
medical and surgical asepsis
use both physical and chemical process that disrupt the internal functioning of microorganisms by destroying cell proteins
disinfection and sterilization
