APUSH Unit 4 Flashcards
Election of 1800
Jefferson, Revolution of 1800
John Marshall
fourth chief justice
Marbury v Madison
(1803) - Judiciary Act was declared unconstitutional. Judicial Review came to be and it significantly increased the power of the federal Supreme Court.
McCulloch v Maryland
(1819) - a state cannot tax a federal bank. National law trumps state law
Causes - War of 1812
1) Continued impressment of American citizens
2) Americans wanted westward expansion. Britain was found to be giving Indians weapons - War Hawks got mad
Embargo Act of 1807
Shut down America’s import/export business
Non-Intercourse Act
1809 - reopened trade with everyone except Britain and France
Hartford Convention
New England states threatened to secede from the colonies but the Federalists values didnt seem to line up anymore
War of 1812 Results
1) Made it clear that without a National Bank, the US didn’t have credit
2) Weak systems of infrastructure & transportation
Clay’s American System
1) Federally funded internal improvements (maybe)
2) Federal tariffs
3) Second Bank of the US
Treaty of Ghent
1814
1817 Election
James Monroe, SOS John Quincy Adams
Adam-Onis Treaty (1819)
Border between the US and Spain (Florida sold to US)
Monroe Doctrine
1823 - Western Hemisphere was for the US, not European military. Officially challenged
Election of 1824
Adams, SOS Clay
Election of 1828
Jackson, VP Callhoun
Doctrine of Nullification
state judged a federal law unconstitutional, they could nullify it.
Force Bill
respond with military action
Calhoun decided to back off from the threat to succeed if the tax was reduced. Then the force bill was nullified.
Second National Bank
State banks had to close doors because they were unable to make payments to national bank.
Worcester v Georgia
Supreme Court sided with Indians. BUT, in 1835, some met with US officials without tribal sanction
Treaty of New Echota
exchanged cherokee lands in the east for reservation territory west of mississippi.
- The Louisiana Purchase resulted primarily from
American efforts to secure from France commerce rights in New Orleans and along
the Mississippi River
While Chief Justice John Marshall presided over the Supreme Court, its decisions
laid the groundwork for a “broad” interpretation of the Constitution
Dorothea Dix
inspired to dedicate her life to a humanitarian crusade by discovery of the confinement of the mentally ill in local jails
A significant motivating force behind the reform movements from the 1820s to the 1850s was
religious revival
Frederick Douglas
an escaped slave who became the publisher of the Abolitionist newspaper The North Star
Harriet Tubman
a conductor on the Underground Railroad who helped fugitives escape to the North
Nat Turner
a slave who led an “army of slaves” in rebellion in 1831
Horace Mann
the “father of the American public school system”
Lucretia Mott
among the first white Americans to call for an immediate end to slavery… organized the Philadelphia Female Anti-Slavery Society
