APHG Unit 3 Flashcards
Bracero Program
U.S.-Mexico agreement (1942-1964); temporary Mexican farm labor in the U.S.
Refugee Camps
temporary shelter for displaced people; usually due to war or disaster.
Remittances
Money sent by migrants to families in home countries.
Reverse Remittances
Money sent from home country to support migrants abroad.
Cyclic Movement
Repeated seasonal movement; predictable routes.
Periodic Movement
Longer temporary stays away from home, like for work or school.
Activity Spaces
Daily movement areas, like home to work and back.
Asylum
Protection offered by a country to fleeing individuals.
Nomadism
Seasonal movement among set locations; usually for resources.
Transhumance
Moving livestock seasonally between pastures.
International Migration
Movement across national borders
Emigration
Leaving one’s country for another
Immigration
Entering a new country to live
Forced Migration
Movement due to conflict, persecution, or disaster
Voluntary Migration
Chosen movement for better opportunities
Human Trafficking
Illegal trade of people for exploitation
Laws of Migration
Typical patterns in migration; e.g., short distances more common
Gravity Model
Larger, closer populations interact more.
Push Factors
Conditions driving people away; e.g., poverty, conflict
Pull Factors
Attractive conditions in destination; e.g., jobs, stability.
Distance Decay
Interaction decreases with distance
Step Migration
Moving in stages toward a final destination
Intervening Opportunity
Closer opportunities reduce likelihood of further migration
Deportation
Forced removal from a country.
Kinship Links
Family or community connections influencing migration choices
Chain Migration
Migration following previous migrants from the same area
Colonization
Establishing control over indigenous people in new territories
Guest Workers
Temporary foreign workers, usually for specific jobs
Migration
General movement from one place to another
Islands of Development
Highly developed areas in less developed regions
Russification
Promoting Russian culture in non-Russian areas of the former USSR
Refugees
People fleeing persecution or conflict across borders
Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs)
Displaced within their own country
Repatriation
Returning refugees to their home countries
Genocide
Systematic extermination of a specific group
Immigration Laws
Rules regulating entry and residence of foreigners
Selective Immigration
Immigration policies based on specific criteria
Internal Migration
Movement within the same country
Immigration Wave
Large migration flow from a particular region.
