Approaches - The humanistic approach Flashcards
What are the main points of the humanistic approach?
Free will, hierarchy of needs, self actualisation, self, congruence and conditions of worth
What is the humanisitic approach?
An approach to understanding behaviour that emphasises the importance of subjective experience and each person’s capacity for self-determination
What does humanistic psychology claim that?
human beings are self-determining and have free will
What do human psychologists reject?
More scientific models that attempt to establish general principles of human behaviour
Who created the hierarchy of needs?
Maslow
What was one of Maslow’s interests?
What motivates people
What is the order of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs?
Physiological needs
Safety and security
Love and belongingness
Self-esteem
Self-actualisation
What is free will?
The notion that humans can make choices and are not determined by internal biological or external forces
What is self-actualisation?
The desire to grow psychologically and fulfill one’s full potential
What is congruence?
The aim of Rogerian therapy when the self concept and ideal self are seen to match
Who created the self, congruence and conditions of worth?
Rogers
What happens if the gap is too big between the 2 selves?
Negative feelings of self rise occur due to incongruence
How do we solve congruence?
By using client centred therapy
How can we explain worthlessness?
By linking back to roots of childhood and explained by a lack of unconditional positive regard from our parents
What is conditions of worth?
When a parent places limits or boundaries on their love of their child
What is one strength of the humanistic approach?
Not reductionist
What is the evaluation of the humanistic approach being non-reductionist?
P: rejects attempts to break up behaviour
E: Biological psychologists reduce behaviour to its basic physiological processes
E: Advocates holism
L: approach may have more validity by considering meaningful behaviour within its real world context
What is another strength of the humanistic approach?
Positive approach
What is the evaluation of the humanistic approach having a positive approach?
P: Optimistic
E: Promoting a positive image of the human condition
E: See all humans as basically good and free to work towards their goal
L: Offers a refreshing alternative
What is one limitation of the humanistic approach?
Cultural bias
What is the evaluation of the humanistic approach having cultural bias?
P: Culturally bias
E: Ideas that are central to humanistic psychology are more associated with individualist tendencies
E: Countries with collectivist tendencies emphasises more on interdependence
L: Approach does not apply universally
