Applied Pharm - Anti-Microbials

Question 1

What are bacterial essential structures? (3)

Answer 1

Plasma membrane, protein synthesis, cell wall

Question 2

Name 3 gram +ve bacteria

Answer 2

Staphylococcus
Streptococcus
Entercoccus

Question 3

Name 3 gram -ve bacteria

Answer 3

E.Coli
Pseudomonas
Salmonella

Question 4

Name 4 types of ABX that act of peptodoglycan synthesis

Answer 4

Penicillins
Cephalosporins
Carbapenems

Question 5

WHat name is given to the class of ABX that target PG synthesis?

Answer 5

Beta lactams

Question 6

Name 2 types of penicillin

Answer 6

Amoxicillin

Ampicillin

Question 7

What are penicillins most efective against?

Answer 7

Gram positive bacteria

Question 8

Which cephalosporins are effective against gram positive bacteria?

Answer 8

Cefalexin

Cefazolin

Question 9

Which cephalosporins are effective against gram negative bacteria?

Answer 9

Cefixime

Cefpodoxime

Question 10

Which cephalosporins are effective against anaerobes?

Answer 10

Cefaclor

Cefuroxime

Question 11

Which cephalosporins are effective against pseudomonas?

Answer 11

Cefepime

Question 12

What are carbapenems effective against?

Answer 12

Everything but MRSA and VRE

Question 13

Name 3 carbapenems

Answer 13

Metropenem
Ertapenem
Imipenem

Question 14

What is vancomycin

Answer 14

Cell wall inhibitor

Question 15

Name a ABX that inhibits RNA

Answer 15

Rifampicin

Question 16

Name 3 ABX that act of the 30S component

Answer 16

Tetracycline
Gentamycin
Streptomycin

Question 17

Name 3 ABX that act of the 50S component

Answer 17

Erythromycin

Chloramphenicol

Question 18

Name 3 characteristics of protein synthesis inhibitors

Answer 18

Broad Spectrum
Bacteriostatic
Greater toxicity

Question 19

Name 4 Fluororquinolones

Answer 19

Ciprofloxacin
Norfloxacin
Levofloxacin
Moxifloxacin

Question 20

What is fluoroquinolones mechanism of action?

Answer 20

Inhibits DNA synthesis

Question 21

What are presentations of fungaldisease called?

Answer 21

Mycoses

Question 22

Name a commensal fungi

Answer 22

Candida albicans

Question 23

Name 2 environmental fungi

Answer 23

Aspergillus fumigatus

Crytococcus neoformans

Question 24

What causes vaginitis

Answer 24

Candida albicans

Question 25

What makes up 55-60% of fungal cell walls

Answer 25

Glucan

Question 26

What makes up 2% of fungal cell walls

Answer 26

Chitin

Question 27

What makes up 35-50% of fungal cell walls

Answer 27

Manan

Question 28

Name 2 anti-fungals that are 1,3 Glucan inhibitors

Answer 28

Caspofungin | Micafungin

Question 29

How do 1,3 inhibitors work

Answer 29

Inhibit enzymes, block synthesis

Question 30

What do fungal membranes contain that human cells don't?

Answer 30

Ergosterol

Question 31

What are azoles?

Answer 31

Ergosterol synthesis inhibitors

Question 32

How do azoles work?

Answer 32

Inhibit Lanosterol C-14 demethylase

Question 33

Name 3 Imidazoles

Answer 33

Miconazole Clotrimazole Ketoconazole

Question 34

Name 3 triazoles

Answer 34

Fluconazole Voriconazole Itraconozole

Question 35

Name 3 Allylamines

Answer 35

Terbinafine | Amorolfine

Question 36

What is Flucytosine metabolised to?

Answer 36

Fluorouracil

Question 37

What does fluouracil do to fungi

Answer 37

Inhibits DNA/RNAsynthesis