Anxiety; panics; phobias and OCD Flashcards
What are the behavioural symptoms of anxiety?
avoidance of certain situations; exaggerated response to minor surprises; difficulty getting to sleep; excessive use of alcohol/drugs; restlesness; irritability; seek reassurance
What is the function of the amygdala in the stress response?
emotional filter of the brain ffor assessing whether sensory materal via the thalamus requires stress or fear response
What is the function of cortisol in the stress response?
acute stress increases cortisol levels; mediates and shuts down the stress response
What is pathological anxiety?
in extent or context which causes significant distress and impairment of function
What is generalised anxiety disorder?
generalised and persistent anxiety in any circumstances
What are common fears in generalised anxiety disorder?
fears that patient or relative will become ill or have an accident
What are the criteria for generalised anxiety disorder?
long-lasting (most days for 6 months); not controllable; causing distress or impairment
What symptoms are typically associated with generalised anxiety disorder?
restlessness; easily fatigued; difficulty concentrating; irritability; muscle tension; sleep disturbance
When is the typical age of onset of generalised anxiety disorder?
20-40
What other disorders is generlised anxiety disorder associated with?
other psychiatric disorders=90%
What is the treatment of GAD?
CBT; SSRIs/SNRIs; pregablin
What are the symptoms of panic disorder?
recurrent attacks of severe anxiety which are unpredictable; often secondary fear of dying; losing control or going mad
What disorder is often comorbid with panic disorder?
50-67% have agoraphobia
When is the typical onset of panic disorder?
late adolescence to mid 30s
What can trigger panic attacks in susceptible individuals?
infusions of lactate or rebreathing air
