Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

AD2 > Antivirals > Flashcards

Antivirals Flashcards

1
Q

What are the potential drug targets during viral replication?

A
  • attachment of the viral particle to membrane
  • penetration into the cytoplasm
  • uncoating
  • multiplication of genetic material
  • protein synthesis
  • assembly of new particle
  • release
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the most common veterinary use for antivirals?

A

ophthalmology to treat herpes in cats and horses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the most effective step of virus replication that an antiviral can inhibit?

A

viral attachment, as it stops the replication process before it has even started

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How does amantadine work?

A

inhibits penetration and uncoating of influenza A virus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is another use of amantadine?

A

analgesic, for animals that are unresponsive to others such as opiates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What antivirals target viral multiplication?

A
  • idoxuridine
  • acyclovir
  • zidovudine/azidothymine
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How does idoxuridine work?

A
  • incorporated into viral DNA
  • iodine prevents base pairing, so replication inhibited
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Why is idoxuridine not given systemically?

A

because it also inhibits mammalian DNA replication

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is a veterinary use of idoxuridine?

A

herpetic keratitis in cats, topically given

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How is acyclovir activated?

A
  • phosphorylated 3 times
  • first phosphorylation carried out by herpes thymidine kinase
  • 2nd and 3rd carried out by host kinases
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How does acyclovir work as an antivral?

A

inhibits DNA polymerase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is acyclovir available as?

A
  • ophthalmic ointment
  • skin ointment
  • tablet
  • injection
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is acyclovir used for?

A

Herpes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the other forms of acyclovir?

A

gancyclovir and famcyclovir

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the methods of acyclovir resistance?

A
  • mutations in viral thymidine kinase, so acyclovir can’t be activated
  • mutations in DNA polymerase
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How does vidarabine work?

A

inhibits DNA polymerase, both host and viral, but more commonly viral

17
Q

What is vidarabine used for?

A

topical eye treatment of herpes

18
Q

How does zidovudine/azidothymidine work?

A

inhibits reverse transcriptase, also inhibits DNA polymerase at higher doses

19
Q

How is zidovudine activated?

A

phosphorylated by host kinases

20
Q

What is a veterinary use of zidovudine/azidothymidine?

A

treatment of FIV positive cats, can increase survival time and quality of life

21
Q

What are the adverse effects of zidovudine/azidothymidine?

A

can cause hepatotoxicity and anaemia, so can’t be used in animals with renal or hepatic impairment

22
Q

What is virbagen omega?

A

recombinant feline omega interferon

23
Q

What is virabagen omega used for?

A
  • parvovirus treatment
  • treatment of FeLV and FIV
24
Q

What is the mechanism of action of virabagen omega?

A

stimulate antiviral processes so the virus is destroyed and removed by the host

AD2 (39 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions