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Block 8 drugs > Antiviral Drugs > Flashcards

Antiviral Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Oseltamivir

A

inhibition of influenza virus neuraminidase with the possibility of alteration of virus particle aggregation and release.

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2
Q

Oseltamivir trade name

A

Tamiflu

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3
Q

Oseltamivir treats

A

da flu

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4
Q

Oseltamivir side effects

A

mild nausea, abdominal discomfort, other resp. conditions should be monitored

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5
Q

oseltamivir unique properties

A

best used within the first 2 days of the infection

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6
Q

Ribavirin MOA

A

Inhibits GTP formation and viral mRNA capping; block RNA polymerases

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7
Q

Ribavirin treats

A

broad spectrum antiviral; usually RSV, HCV

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8
Q

ribavirin side effects

A

transient anemia, elevated bilirubin, don’t use in pregnancy, infant resp. should be monitored

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9
Q

Acyclovir MOA

A

nucleoside chain terminator inhibitor of HSV DNA polymerases

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10
Q

Acyclovir treats

A

HSV

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11
Q

Acyclovir side effects

A

generally minor and well tolerated: nausea, headache, Gi, accumalates in acute renal failure.

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12
Q

acyclovir unique properties

A

the first acyclo-nucleoside drug. activity is dependent on initial phosphorylation by viral enzyme HSV thymidine kinase

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13
Q

Ganciclovir MOA

A

Nucloside inhibitor of CMV DNA polymerase

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14
Q

Ganciclovir treats

A

cytomegalovirus (CMV)

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15
Q

Ganciclovir side effects

A

dose dependent neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, accumulates in renal failure

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16
Q

Ganciclovir unique properties

A

also used in combo iwth HSV-TK gene therapies as a treat termination

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17
Q

Foscarnet MOA

A

inhibits viral dna and rna polymerases

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18
Q

Foscarnet treats

A

Acyclovir resistant HSV and CMV retinitis

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19
Q

Foscarnet side effects

A

nephrotoxicity, anemia, nausea, fever, hypocalcemia, other metal salts

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20
Q

foscarnet unique properties

A

injection only, requires frequent administration

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21
Q

Boceprivir MOA

A

Inhibitor of hep C NS3/4A serine protease

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22
Q

Boceprivir treats

A

Hep C

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23
Q

Boceprivir side effects

A

anemia and dysgeusia

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24
Q

Boceprivir usually administered with

A

ribovarin

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25
Q

Sofosbuvir MOA

A

inhibitor of Hep C RNA polymerase

26
Q

Sofosburvir treats

A

Hep C

27
Q

Sofosburvir side effects

A

fatigue, rash, headache, nausea, maybe contraindicted with anti-arrythmic medicines

28
Q

Sofosburvir unique properties

A

probably acts like a chain terminator but still has 3 OH intact

29
Q

Entecavir MOA

A

inhibitor of Hep B reverse transcriptase

30
Q

Entecavir treats

A

Hep B

31
Q

Entecavir side effects

A

fatigue, rash, headache, nausea, not to be used with drugs causing renal toxicity

32
Q

entecavir unique properties

A

used in lamivudine resistant HBV strains

33
Q

Zidovudine MOA

A

nucleoside chain terminator inhibitor of HIV reverse transcriptase (NRTI)

34
Q

zidovudine treats

A

HIV

35
Q

Zidovudine side affects

A

anemia, granulocytopenia, neutropenia, headache, nausea, myalgias, neurtoxicity (can lead to seizures), lactic acidosis, steatosis

36
Q

zidovudine unique properties

A

first approved HIV drug

37
Q

Efavirenz MOA

A

non nucleoside inhibitor of HIV reverse transcriptase (NNRTI)

38
Q

Efavirenz treats

A

HIV

39
Q

Efavirenz side effects

A

rash(stevens johnson rash), dizziness, headache, loss of focus, vivid dreams, P450 inhibitor, side effects common but usually resolve

40
Q

Raltegravir MOA

A

strand transfer inhibitor of HIV integrase

41
Q

raltegravir treats

A

HIV

42
Q

raltegravir side effects

A

headache, fatigue, insomnia, n/d, elevated creatine kinase with rhabdomyolysis, possible depression with suicidal ideation

43
Q

raltegravir unique properties

A

usually well tolerated, useful in both naive and treatment experienced subjects

44
Q

Dolutegravir MOA

A

strand transfer inhibitor of HIV integrase

45
Q

dolutegravir treats

A

HIV

46
Q

dolutegravir side effects

A

headache, fatigue, insomnia, n/d, jaundice, do not use with antacids

47
Q

dolutegravir unique properties

A

has limited cross-resistance profiles with other integrase inhibitors

48
Q

Ritonavir MOA

A

inhibitor of HIV protease

49
Q

Ritonavir treats

A

used to boost efficacy of other HIV protease inhibitors

50
Q

ritonavir side effects

A

signigicant gi intolerance, headache, fatigue, diarrhea, perioral paresthesia, hepatitis, increased lipids, taste perversion,

51
Q

ritonavir drug interactions

A

statins, acid-reducing drugs

52
Q

ritonavir unique properties

A

a potent inhibitor of p450 3A

53
Q

newer version of ritonavir

A

Cobicistat

54
Q

Lopinavir MOA

A

inhibitor of HIV protease

55
Q

Lopinavir treats

A

HIV

56
Q

Lopinavir side effects

A

significant GI intolerance, hyper triglyceridemia

57
Q

lopinavir drug interactions

A

statins and acid reducing drugs

58
Q

Atazanavir MOA

A

inhibitor of HIV protease

59
Q

Atazanavir treats

A

HIV

60
Q

Atazanavir side effects

A

GI intolerance, jaundice, nephrolithiasis, increased glucose

61
Q

atazanavir drug interactions

A

statins

62
Q

atazanavir unique properties

A

more tolerated in regard to gi side effects less hylerlipidemia

Block 8 drugs (12 decks)

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