Antiviral Drugs

Question 1

Oseltamivir

Answer 1

inhibition of influenza virus neuraminidase with the possibility of alteration of virus particle aggregation and release.

Question 2

Oseltamivir trade name

Answer 2

Tamiflu

Question 3

Oseltamivir treats

Answer 3

da flu

Question 4

Oseltamivir side effects

Answer 4

mild nausea, abdominal discomfort, other resp. conditions should be monitored

Question 5

oseltamivir unique properties

Answer 5

best used within the first 2 days of the infection

Question 6

Ribavirin MOA

Answer 6

Inhibits GTP formation and viral mRNA capping; block RNA polymerases

Question 7

Ribavirin treats

Answer 7

broad spectrum antiviral; usually RSV, HCV

Question 8

ribavirin side effects

Answer 8

transient anemia, elevated bilirubin, don’t use in pregnancy, infant resp. should be monitored

Question 9

Acyclovir MOA

Answer 9

nucleoside chain terminator inhibitor of HSV DNA polymerases

Question 10

Acyclovir treats

Answer 10

HSV

Question 11

Acyclovir side effects

Answer 11

generally minor and well tolerated: nausea, headache, Gi, accumalates in acute renal failure.

Question 12

acyclovir unique properties

Answer 12

the first acyclo-nucleoside drug. activity is dependent on initial phosphorylation by viral enzyme HSV thymidine kinase

Question 13

Ganciclovir MOA

Answer 13

Nucloside inhibitor of CMV DNA polymerase

Question 14

Ganciclovir treats

Answer 14

cytomegalovirus (CMV)

Question 15

Ganciclovir side effects

Answer 15

dose dependent neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, accumulates in renal failure

Question 16

Ganciclovir unique properties

Answer 16

also used in combo iwth HSV-TK gene therapies as a treat termination

Question 17

Foscarnet MOA

Answer 17

inhibits viral dna and rna polymerases

Question 18

Foscarnet treats

Answer 18

Acyclovir resistant HSV and CMV retinitis

Question 19

Foscarnet side effects

Answer 19

nephrotoxicity, anemia, nausea, fever, hypocalcemia, other metal salts

Question 20

foscarnet unique properties

Answer 20

injection only, requires frequent administration

Question 21

Boceprivir MOA

Answer 21

Inhibitor of hep C NS3/4A serine protease

Question 22

Boceprivir treats

Answer 22

Hep C

Question 23

Boceprivir side effects

Answer 23

anemia and dysgeusia

Question 24

Boceprivir usually administered with

Answer 24

ribovarin

Question 25

Sofosbuvir MOA

Answer 25

inhibitor of Hep C RNA polymerase

Question 26

Sofosburvir treats

Answer 26

Hep C

Question 27

Sofosburvir side effects

Answer 27

fatigue, rash, headache, nausea, maybe contraindicted with anti-arrythmic medicines

Question 28

Sofosburvir unique properties

Answer 28

probably acts like a chain terminator but still has 3 OH intact

Question 29

Entecavir MOA

Answer 29

inhibitor of Hep B reverse transcriptase

Question 30

Entecavir treats

Answer 30

Hep B

Question 31

Entecavir side effects

Answer 31

fatigue, rash, headache, nausea, not to be used with drugs causing renal toxicity

Question 32

entecavir unique properties

Answer 32

used in lamivudine resistant HBV strains

Question 33

Zidovudine MOA

Answer 33

nucleoside chain terminator inhibitor of HIV reverse transcriptase (NRTI)

Question 34

zidovudine treats

Answer 34

HIV

Question 35

Zidovudine side affects

Answer 35

anemia, granulocytopenia, neutropenia, headache, nausea, myalgias, neurtoxicity (can lead to seizures), lactic acidosis, steatosis

Question 36

zidovudine unique properties

Answer 36

first approved HIV drug

Question 37

Efavirenz MOA

Answer 37

non nucleoside inhibitor of HIV reverse transcriptase (NNRTI)

Question 38

Efavirenz treats

Answer 38

HIV

Question 39

Efavirenz side effects

Answer 39

rash(stevens johnson rash), dizziness, headache, loss of focus, vivid dreams, P450 inhibitor, side effects common but usually resolve

Question 40

Raltegravir MOA

Answer 40

strand transfer inhibitor of HIV integrase

Question 41

raltegravir treats

Answer 41

HIV

Question 42

raltegravir side effects

Answer 42

headache, fatigue, insomnia, n/d, elevated creatine kinase with rhabdomyolysis, possible depression with suicidal ideation

Question 43

raltegravir unique properties

Answer 43

usually well tolerated, useful in both naive and treatment experienced subjects

Question 44

Dolutegravir MOA

Answer 44

strand transfer inhibitor of HIV integrase

Question 45

dolutegravir treats

Answer 45

HIV

Question 46

dolutegravir side effects

Answer 46

headache, fatigue, insomnia, n/d, jaundice, do not use with antacids

Question 47

dolutegravir unique properties

Answer 47

has limited cross-resistance profiles with other integrase inhibitors

Question 48

Ritonavir MOA

Answer 48

inhibitor of HIV protease

Question 49

Ritonavir treats

Answer 49

used to boost efficacy of other HIV protease inhibitors

Question 50

ritonavir side effects

Answer 50

signigicant gi intolerance, headache, fatigue, diarrhea, perioral paresthesia, hepatitis, increased lipids, taste perversion,

Question 51

ritonavir drug interactions

Answer 51

statins, acid-reducing drugs

Question 52

ritonavir unique properties

Answer 52

a potent inhibitor of p450 3A

Question 53

newer version of ritonavir

Answer 53

Cobicistat

Question 54

Lopinavir MOA

Answer 54

inhibitor of HIV protease

Question 55

Lopinavir treats

Answer 55

HIV

Question 56

Lopinavir side effects

Answer 56

significant GI intolerance, hyper triglyceridemia

Question 57

lopinavir drug interactions

Answer 57

statins and acid reducing drugs

Question 58

Atazanavir MOA

Answer 58

inhibitor of HIV protease

Question 59

Atazanavir treats

Answer 59

HIV

Question 60

Atazanavir side effects

Answer 60

GI intolerance, jaundice, nephrolithiasis, increased glucose

Question 61

atazanavir drug interactions

Answer 61

statins

Question 62

atazanavir unique properties

Answer 62

more tolerated in regard to gi side effects less hylerlipidemia