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Pharmacology Final > Antiviral Agents > Flashcards

Antiviral Agents Flashcards

1
Q

what makes viruses resistant to drugs

A

AA substitutions in viral proteins

effective agents usually target a viral protein

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2
Q

Anti herpetic Agents

A 
Acyclovir
Famcyclovir
Valacyclovir 
Cidofovir 
foscarnet

idoxuridine
vidarabine

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3
Q

Tx influenza

inhibit entry

A

( influenza A)
Amantadine
Rimantadine

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4
Q

Tx influenza

inhibit exit

A

(influenza A + B)
peramivir
zanamivir (intranasal)
oseltamivir

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5
Q

Tx RSV

A

ribavirin

palivizumab

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6
Q

Tx Aids
NRTIS
(end in)

A
  • dine
lamivudine 
Zidovudine 
stavudine
didanosine
tenofovir (NucleoTIDE-- so doesnt need phosphorylation)
abacabir 
emtricitabine
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7
Q

Tx Aids

NNRTIs

A

Efavirenz
delavirdin
neviparine
etravirine

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8
Q

Tx AIDs
protease inhibitors
(end in)

A
  • navir
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9
Q

mechanism of NRTIS

Target

A

nucleoside reverse transcripase inhibitors
- base analog that binds to same exact site as original base and inhibits elongation of DNA strand

nucleoSIDE inhibitors need to be phosphorylated to be activated

Target DNA polymerase (rna dependent DNA polymerase)

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10
Q

Tx Aids *

entry inhibitor

A

Maravirok —

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11
Q

Tx Aids

fusion inhibitor

A

enfuvirtide

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12
Q

Tx aids
integrase strand transfer inhibitors
(end in)

A
  • gravir
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13
Q

tx Hep B

A

NRTIs (BC hep B has a reverse transcription step)

  • telbivudine
  • lamivudine

IFN a

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14
Q

Tx HPV

A

immiquimod- topical

gardasil vaccine

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15
Q

Tx Hep C

A 
INF a 
INF a2b
Ribavurun 
polymerase inhibitor
protease inhibitor
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16
Q

Tx Hep C (direct acting antivirals)
polymerase inhibitor
protease inhibitor

A

polymerase inhibitor: Ns5a sofosbuvir

protease inhibitor: Ns3/4a simepravir

17
Q

acyclovir
type
mechanism

A

guanine nucleoside analoque

inhibits viral DNA polymerase***

18
Q

acyclovir tx

A
  • HSV I II
  • VZV
  • CMV prophylaxis in transplant patient

inhibits viral DNA polymerase***

19
Q

idoxuridine and trifluridine tx

A

hsv keratitis
keratoconjunctivitis

inhibits viral DNA polymerase***

20
Q

vidarabine tx

A

HSV keratitis

inhibits viral DNA polymerase***

21
Q

ganciciclovir tx

A

CMV retinitis in immunocompromised pt
acyclovir resistant HSV
CMV prophylaxis in immunocompromised pt

22
Q

foscarnet mech

A

inorganic pyrophosphate inhibits viral rna polymerase , dna polymerase and RT

23
Q

foscarnet tx

A

CMV retinitis in immunocompromised

24
Q

ribavirin type

A

purine nucleoside analog

tx RSV Hep C

25
Q

Zidovudine

A

NRTI

base analog that is phosphorylated by thymidine kinase

26
Q

adverse effects of NRTIs

A

granulocytopenia and anemia (bone marrow suppresion)

27
Q

special about tenofovir and adenovir

A

NucleoTIDE analogs– dont need t be phosphorylated

28
Q

mechanism of NNRTIs

A

bind on viral RT in an area near to NRTIS (allosteric site) dont need phosphorylation to be active

29
Q

mechanism of protease inhibitors

A

HiV aspartate protease inhibitor

inhibits cleavage of protein precursors that generate structural proteins and enzymes of virus (that are used in the packing of new virus)

30
Q

protease inhibitors (aids) contraindicated with>?

A

RIFAMPIN

31
Q

For non specific viral infections what do you give

A

INF a INF B

Referon wellferon intron A

32
Q

Mechanism of Hep C direct acting antivirals

A

Stop replication viA inhibition of RNA polymerase (rna directed rna polymerase

33
Q

Ribavirin mechanism

A

Prevents capping of viral mrna

34
Q

Amantadine
Rimantadine
mechanism

A

preventing uncoating via inhibition of M2 protein (heme agluttininn mediated)

35
Q

Peramavir
Oseltamivir
Zanamivir

mechanism

A

inhibit neuraminidase thats important for viral replication

36
Q

Palimizuvab

mechanism

A
  • (monoclonal antibody- against F glycoprotein of RSV surface)
37
Q

Maravirok

mechanism

A

binds to the CCR5 coreceptor on host (CD4) (with gp 120)
preventing binding and entry of virus into CD4 cell

Entry inhibitor

38
Q

Enfuvirtide

mechanism

A

binds to GP41 [makes the envelope] preventing the binding/ fusion of HIV to cellular membrane

Fusion inhibitor

39
Q

Immiquimod

Mechanism

A

immune response modifier – just destroys warts (hpv)

Pharmacology Final (20 decks)

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