Antiseizure Medications Flashcards
rotation 3 - week 2
_________ is involved in the coordination of impulses and responses.
Dopamine
Gamma-aminobutyric inhibits nerve activity and is important in preventing
overexcitability or stimulation such as ________ activity.
seizure
____________ important in arousal and sleep and in preventing depression and promoting
motivation
serotonin
The drug class ________, are used to treat seizures by decreasing excitability and hyper-excitability. Some examples of this drug class include __________ + _______________.
Hydantoins;
Phenytoin (Dilantin) + Fosphenytoin
What are the 4 major side effects to monitor for with antiseizure meds. like henytoin or Dilantin?
-steven Johnson syndrome
-gingival hyperplasia
-liver toxicity
-bone marrow suppression
Barbiturates and barbiturate like drugs decrease excitability and hyperexcitability. What are 2 drugs that belong to this class?
-phenobarbital
-primidone
what are the general side effects of most antiepileptic or sedative drugs?
IE. hydantoins, barbiturates, benzodiazepines,
-CNS depression
-lethargy
-fatigue
-constipation
-dry mouth
-drowsiness
-anorexia
-arrythmias
-changes in BP
true or false?
Barbiturates can lead to physical dependence and cause withdrawal symptoms.
true
What are 2 side effects of Phenobarbital + Primidone related to the bladder and sexual function that may occur?
urinary retention and decreased libido
Phenobarbital, Primidone (barbiturates) can decrease the effects of _________, which will make it less effective in preventing blood clots?
warfarin
true or false?
If you drink alcohol while on a barbiturate or benzodiazepine, you could cause a further depression of the CNS.
true
______________ causes muscle relaxation and relieve anxiety without substantially affecting cortical function.
benzodiazepines
Clobazam, clonazepam, diazepam belong to what drug class?
benzodiazepines
benzodiazepines are highly addictive, they should never be stopped abruptly? So how should they be stopped?
these drugs need to be tapered
What side effect should you monitor for while a patient is taking a benzodiazepine, related to the bladder?
urinary retention
Ethosuximide + methsuximide are examples of which drug class?
succinimides
succinimides treat _______ seizures.
absent
Drugs that modulate GABA - which means excitability is reduced and overactivity is prevented, are used to treat:
-prevent migraines
-absent seizures
-manic episodes
-Diamox
-Divalproex
-Valproic acid
-Zonisamide
belong to which drug class?
GABA inhibitors
hyperammonemia
thrombocytopenia and pancreatitis are 3 adverse effects associated with which drug class?
GABA inhibitors
true or false?
Carbamazepine is used to treat generalized or focal seizures.
true
Lamotrigine modulates excitatory neurotransmitters to treat ________.
seizures
Levetiracetam is another drug used to treat seizures or _________.
epilepsy
Topiramate is a drug used to treat seizure’s associated with what syndrome?
hint: chef gusteau is my mate
(LGS) Lennox gastaut syndrome.
What disease is characterized by lack of coordination, tremors, rigidity and weakness of muscles?
Parkinson’s disease or parkinsonism
true or false? bradykinesia develops due to trouble maintaining posture or position and difficulty performing intentional movements, while also moving extremely slow and sluggish.
true
carbidopa/levodopa is a dopaminergic drug used to treat what kind of disease that affects movement due to some kind of damage or issue to basal ganglia?
Parkinson’s Disease
you need to monitor patients ________ status who are on dopaminergic drugs because of the risk of HTN + prolonged QT intervals.
cardiac
if a dopaminergic is taken with an MOAI, there is an increased risk of an ________ ________.
hypertensive crisis
____________ are used to treat Parkinson’s due to it helping restore balance in the basal ganglia.
Some examples of drugs in this drug class include: benztropine, diphenhydramine trihexyphenidyl
anticholinergics
Carbidopa/Levodopa is taken as a combination drug because one
facilitates the ___________ of the other.
absorption
