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A. Y2 ALS > Antibiotics > Flashcards

Antibiotics Flashcards

1
Q

What class does Amoxicillin belong to?

A

Beta-lactam antibiotic (Penicillin)

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2
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Amoxicillin?

A

Inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs), leading to cell lysis.

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3
Q

What are the indications for Amoxicillin?

A

Respiratory tract infections, otitis media, sinusitis, urinary tract infections (UTIs), and skin infections.

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4
Q

What class does Cefuroxime belong to?

A

Cephalosporin (2nd generation)

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5
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Cefuroxime?

A

Inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to PBPs, causing cell death.

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6
Q

What are the indications for Cefuroxime?

A

Respiratory tract infections, otitis media, UTIs

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7
Q

What class does Benzylpenicillin belong to?

A

Beta-lactam antibiotic (Penicillin)

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8
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Benzylpenicillin?

A

Inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis, leading to bacterial lysis.

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9
Q

What are the indications for Benzylpenicillin?

A

Streptococcal infections, syphilis, bacterial endocarditis, and meningitis.

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10
Q

What class does Oxytetracycline belong to?

A

Tetracycline antibiotic

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11
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Oxytetracycline?

A

Inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by binding to the 30S ribosomal subunit, preventing tRNA attachment.

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12
Q

What are the indications for Oxytetracycline?

A

Acne, respiratory tract infections, chlamydia,

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13
Q

What class does Erythromycin belong to?

A

Macrolide antibiotic

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14
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Erythromycin?

A

Inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by binding to the 50S ribosomal subunit, blocking elongation of the peptide chain.

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15
Q

What are the indications for Erythromycin?

A

Respiratory infections, pertussis, chlamydia

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16
Q

What class does Gentamicin belong to?

A

Aminoglycoside antibiotic

17
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Gentamicin?

A

Inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by binding to the 30S ribosomal subunit, causing misreading of mRNA.

18
Q

What are the indications for Gentamicin?

A

Severe gram-negative infections, sepsis, endocarditis

19
Q

What class does Rifampicin belong to?

A

Rifamycin antibiotic

20
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Rifampicin?

A

Inhibits bacterial DNA-dependent RNA polymerase, preventing transcription.

21
Q

What are the indications for Rifampicin?

A

Tuberculosis (TB)

22
Q

What class does Trimethoprim belong to?

A

Antifolate antibiotic

23
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Trimethoprim?

A

Inhibits dihydrofolate reductase, blocking folate synthesis required for bacterial DNA replication.

24
Q

What are the indications for Trimethoprim?

A

Urinary tract infections, respiratory infections,

25
Q

What class does Sulfamethoxazole belong to?

A

Sulfonamide antibiotic

26
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Sulfamethoxazole?

A

Inhibits dihydropteroate synthase, interfering with folic acid synthesis. Often used in combination with trimethoprim (as co-trimoxazole).

27
Q

What are the indications for Sulfamethoxazole?

A

Urinary tract infections, respiratory infections,

28
Q

What class does Vancomycin belong to?

A

Glycopeptide antibiotic

29
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Vancomycin?

A

Inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to D-Ala-D-Ala terminal of peptidoglycan precursors.

30
Q

What are the indications for Vancomycin?

A

MRSA infections, Clostridium difficile colitis (oral form), and serious gram-positive infections.

31
Q

What class does Colistin belong to?

A

Polymyxin antibiotic

32
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Colistin?

A

Disrupts bacterial cell membranes by interacting with phospholipids, leading to leakage of cellular contents.

33
Q

What are the indications for Colistin?

A

Multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacterial infections, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii.

34
Q

What class does Ciprofloxacin belong to?

A

Fluoroquinolone antibiotic

35
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Ciprofloxacin?

A

Inhibits DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV, preventing bacterial DNA replication.

36
Q

What are the indications for Ciprofloxacin?

A

Urinary tract infections, bacterial gastroenteritis, respiratory infections,

37
Q

What class does Fusidic Acid belong to?

A

Steroid-like antibiotic

38
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Fusidic Acid?

A

Inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by interfering with elongation factor G (EF-G).

39
Q

What are the indications for Fusidic Acid?

A

Staphylococcal infections, including MRSA skin infections and osteomyelitis.

A. Y2 ALS (23 decks)

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