Antibacterial

Question 1

Cell wall synthesis

Answer 1

D-cycloserine
Vancomycin
Bacitracin
Penicillin
Cephalosporins
Cephamycins

Question 2

Cell wall integrity

Answer 2

Beta lactamases- Beta-lactam antibiotics mimic the D-Ala-D-Ala dipeptide at the terminus of the pentapeptide chain on the murein unit. The transpeptidase enzyme binds the beta-lactam instead of the D-Ala-D-Ala and forms covalent bonds. This prevents the enzyme from binding to peptidoglycan and therefore prevents cross-linking and formation of the cell wall

Question 3

DNA synthesis and gyrase

Answer 3

Metronidazole
Quinolones eg. Ciprofloxacin

Question 4

RNA synthesis

Answer 4

Rifampicin

Question 5

Phospholipid membrane

Answer 5

Polymyxins

Question 6

Protein synthesis

Answer 6

Protein Synthesis (50S Inhibitors)
Erythromycin
Choramphenicol
Cindamycin
Lincormycin
Clarithromycin
Protein Synthesis (30S Inhibitors)
Tetracyclines
Streptomycin
Spectinomycin
Kanamycin

Question 7

Folic acid metabolism

Answer 7

Trimethoprim
Pyrimethamine
Methotrexate

Question 8

Spectrum of activity

Answer 8

• Broad-spectrum drugs useful when causative microorganism is unknown but likely to fall within a certain set of species
• Narrow-spectrum drugs less likely to produce gastrointestinal side-effects and/or residual drug-resistant strains

Question 9

Antibiotic classes

Answer 9