ANTI PROTOZOAL MECHANISM OF ACTION Flashcards
generating reactive oxygen species or by interfering with the electron transport in the parasite
by interfering with a part of the parasite (mitochondria) that is responsible for supplying it with energy
chloroquine
primaquine
quinine
atovaquone
Primaquine
Inhibits the parasitic enzyme heme polymerase that converts the toxic heme into non-toxic hemozoin, thereby resulting in the accumulation of toxic heme within the parasite
May also interfere with the biosynthesis of nucleic acids
chloroquine
primaquine
quinine
atovaquone
Chloroquine
involves the interaction of the peroxide-containing drug with heme, a hemoglobin degradation byproduct, derived from the proteolysis of hemoglobin. This interaction is believed to result in the formation of a range of potentially toxic oxygen and carbon-centered radicals
chloroquine
primaquine
artermether
lumefantrine
ARTEMETHER
inhibits the formation of β-hematin by forming a complex with hemin and inhibits nucleic acid and protein synthesis.
chloroquine
primaquine
artermether
lumefantrine
LUMEFANTRINE
acts by selectively affecting mitochondrial electron transport and parallel processes such as ATP and pyrimidine biosynthesis .
inhibition of nucleic acid and ATP synthesis.
Atovaquone
inhibits the dihydrofolate reductase of plasmodia and thereby blocks the biosynthesis of purines and pyrimidines, which are essential for DNA synthesis and cell multiplication.
Proguanil
inhibiting heme polymerase, thereby allowing accumulation of its cytotoxic substrate, heme. Interferes with the parasite’s ability to break down and digest hemoglobin
Quinine
binds deoxyribonucleic acid and electron-transport proteins of organisms, blocking nucleic acid synthesis
Metronidazole
nitroimidazole
Other nitroimidazoles: Tinidazole, Secnidazole
protein synthesis by binding to 16S ribosomal RNA
paromomycin
