Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PHARMA > 1B CNS : SEROTONIN AND DOPAMINE > Flashcards

1B CNS : SEROTONIN AND DOPAMINE Flashcards

1
Q

5HT found in high concentrations in
SELECT ALL THAT APPLY

A. enterochromaffin cells throughout the GI tract
B. storage granules in platelets
C. plexuses of the GI
D. throughout the CNS

A

A. enterochromaffin cells throughout the GI tract
B. storage granules in platelets
D. throughout the CNS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

SATA

DA found in high concentrations in:

plexuses of the GI
Brain
the enteric nervous system
adrenal medulla

A

plexuses of the GI
Brain
the enteric nervous system
adrenal medulla

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Amino acid that is needed for synthesis of serotonin

A. nonessential, tryptophan
B. essential. tryptophan
C. nonessential, tyrosine
D. essential, tyrosine

A

B. essential. tryptophan

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

This actively trasports tryptophan into the brain ; a heteromeric carrier protein that transports large neutral and branched-chain amino acids and some drugs across membrane

A. LAT2 (L-type amino acid transporter 2)
B. LAT4 (L-type amino acid transporter 4)
C. LAT3 (L-type amino acid transporter 3)
D. LAT1 (L-type amino acid transporter 1)

A

D. LAT1 (L-type amino acid transporter 1)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

a mixed-function oxidase that requires molecular O2 and a reduced pteridine cofactor for activity, is the rate-limiting enzyme in the synthetic pathway

A. Tyrptophan Hydroxylase
B. Tryptophan Oxidase
C. 5-Hydroxytryptophan decarboxylase
D. 5-monooxygenase tryptophan hydroxylase

A

A. Tyrptophan Hydroxylase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

A brain-specific isoform of tryptophan hydroxylase is entirely responsible for the synthesis of brain 5-HT

A. (TPH1)
B. (TPH2)
C. (TPH3)
D. (TPH4)

A

B. (TPH2)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

SATA about TPH (tryptophan hydroxylase)

a. a mixed-function oxidase that requires molecular O2 and a reduced pteridine cofactor for activity, is the rate-limiting enzyme in the synthetic pathway
b. A brain-specific isoform of tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH2) is entirely responsible for the synthesis of brain 5-HT
c. Accumulated in secretory granules of serotonergic neurons
d. Stored vesicular 5HT

A

a. a mixed-function oxidase that **requires molecular O2 and a reduced pteridine cofactor for activity, is the rate-limiting enzyme in the synthetic pathway
b. A brain-specific isoform of tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH2) is entirely responsible for the synthesis of brain 5-HT
c. Accumulated in secretory granules **of serotonergic neurons
d. Stored vesicular 5HT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Action of 5HT is terminated via neuronal uptake by:

a. SERT
c. SUN
b. MAO
c. SAT

Action of released 5HT is terminated via neuronal uptake by a specific SERT (Serotonin Transporter),

localized in the membrane of serotonergic axon terminals and in the membranes of platelets
SERT, the 5HT transporter

A

SERT - serotonin transporter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

SERT (Serotonin Transporter), is localized in:
a. membrane of serotonergic axon terminal
b. along plexus GI tract
c. Platelets
d. peripheries

A

a. membrane of serotonergic axon terminal
c. Platelets

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

specific and can be inhibited by SSRIs (Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor) that are used to treat depression and other mood disorders

A

SERT, the 5HT transporter or reuptake system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

5-HIAA from brain and peripheral sites of 5HT storage and metabolism is excreted mainly in the

a. urine
b. stool
c. liver
d. GIT

A

urine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

SATA
5HT is almost entirely synthesized by cells located in the

A.raphe nuclei
B. nuceli regae
C. in the brainstem
D. in the medulla

A

A.raphe nuclei
C. in the brainstem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

SATA
5HT is almost entirely synthesized by cells located in the

A.raphe nuclei
B. nuceli regae
C. in the brainstem
D. in the medulla

A

A.raphe nuclei
C. in the brainstem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

SATA

Subtypes of 5HT1 receptor

A. 5HT1A
B. 5HT1B
C. 5HT1C
D. 5HT1D

A

A. 5HT1A
B. 5HT1B
D. 5HT1D

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Subtype of 5HT1 receptor

Location: CNS Raphe nuclei of brainstem
Function: Neuronal inhibition, behavioural effects: sleep, feeding, thermoregulation, anxiety
Signaling system: G protein (G1/G0), decreased CAMP may modulate Ca channels
**Agonists: Buspirone **
Antaganoist: Ergotamine

A

5HT1A

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Subtype of 5HT1 receptor

Location: CBS (Subiculum) vascular smooth muscle
Main function: Presynaptic inhibition, behavioral effects, pulmonary vasoconstriction
Agonists: Triptans

A

5HT1B

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Subtype of 5HT1 receptor
Location: CNS (cranial blood vessels)
Function: cerebral vasoconstriction
Agonits: Triptans
Antagonists: Ergotamine (PA)

A

5HT1D

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Subtypes of 5HT2 receptor

Location: CNS, PNS, smooth muscle, platelets
Function: Neuronal excitation, behavioral effects, smooth muscle contraction (gut, bronchi, etc.), platelet aggregation, vasodilation/vasoconstriction
Signaling system: G protein (Gq/G11) increase IP3, Ca
Agonists: LSD, a methyl 5HT
Antagonist: Ketanserin, Ritanserin, Cyproheptadine, Methysergide

A

5HT 2A

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Subtypes of 5HT2 receptor
Location: CNS (choroid plexus, hypothalamus)
Function: CSF production, neuronal excitation
Agonist: LSD, a methyl 5HT
Antagonist: Methysergide

A

5HT 2C

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Subtypes of 5HT2 receptor
Location: Gastric Fundus
Function: Contraction
Agonists: LSD, a methyl 5HT

A

5HT 2B

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Serotonin Receptor:

Location: PNS, CNS
Function: Neuronal excitation, emesis, behavioural effects, anxiety
Signaling system: Ligand-gated cation channel
Agonist: 2-methyl 5HT
Antagonist: Dolesatron, Granisetron, Ondansetron, Palonosetron, Tropisetron

A. 5HT 3
B. 5HT6
C. 5HT 4
D. 5HT 7

A

5HT 3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Serotonin Receptor:

Location: CNS
Function: **Modulation of exploratory behavior
**

A. 5HT 3
B. 5HT6
C. 5HT 5
D. 5HT 7

A

C. 5HT 5

22
Q

Serotonin Receptor:

Location: GI tract, CNS
Function: Neuronal excitation, GI motility
Signaling system: G protein, increased CAMP
Agonist: Metoclopramide, cisapride
Antagonist: GR-113808

A. 5HT 3
B. 5HT 4
C. 5HT 5
D. 5HT 6

A

B. 5HT 4

23
Q

Location: CNS, leukocytes
Function: Learning and memory

A. 5HT 3
B. 5HT 4
C. 5HT 5
D. 5HT 6

A

D. 5HT 6

24
Q

Location: CNS, GI tract, blood vessels
Function: thermoregulation, circadian rhythm

A. 5HT 5
B. 5HT 4
C. 5HT 7
D. 5HT 3

A

C. 5HT 7

25
Q

SATA

RECEPTORS THAT ARE INHIBITORY

a. 5HT1
b. 5HT3
c. 5HT5
d. 5HT7

A

a. 5HT1
c. 5HT5

26
Q

RECEPTORS THAT ARE EXCITATORY

a. 5HT2
b. 5HT3
c. 5HT4
d. 5HT6
e. 5HT7

A

a. 5HT2
b. 5HT3
c. 5HT4
d. 5HT6
e. 5HT7

27
Q

serotonin that uses** ligand gated Na and K cation channel**

5ht1
5ht2
5ht3
5ht4

A

5ht3

28
Q

SATA
serotonin receptors mechanism:

Decreasing cellular levels of CAMP
a. 5ht1
b. 5ht4
c. 5ht5
d. 5ht7

A

a. 5ht1
c. 5ht5

29
Q

SATA
serotonin receptors mechanism:

Increasing cellular levels of CAMP

a. 5ht4
b. 5ht6
c. 5ht7
d. 5ht1

A

a. 5ht4
b. 5ht6
c. 5ht7

30
Q

serotonin receptor that has mechanism which **depolarizing plasma membrane **

A

5ht3

31
Q

serotonin receptor that has mechanism which increasing cellular levels of IP3 and DAG

A

5ht2

32
Q

true or false

Neither selective serotonin receptor agonists nor antagonists are completely selective, thus may exhibit other effects on any of the other types of serotonin receptors

A

true

33
Q

SATA

actions of 5ht on PLATELETS

  • With injured endothelium platelets release substances that promote platelet aggregation
  • 5HT binds to platelet 5HT1 receptors and elicits a weak aggregation response that is markedly augmented by the presence of collagen
  • 5HT exerts a direct vasoconstrictor effect hemostasis → enhanced by locally released autocoids (thromboxane A2, kinins, and vasoactive peptides)
A
  • With injured endothelium platelets release substances that promote platelet aggregation
  • 5HT exerts a direct vasoconstrictor effect hemostasis → enhanced by locally released autocoids (thromboxane A2, kinins, and vasoactive peptides)

5HT binds to platelet 5HT1 SHOULD BE 5HT2A receptors and elicits a weak aggregation response that is markedly augmented by the presence of collagen

34
Q

which is incorrect 5HT:

  • The classical response of blood vessels to 5HT is dilation on splanchnic, renal, pulmonary, and cerebral vasculatures
  • 5HT has** positive inotropic and chronotropic actions** on the heart
  • Activation of **5HT3 **receptors on vagus nerve endings elicits the Bezold-Jarisch reflex → extreme bradycardia and hypotension
A
  • The classical response of blood vessels to 5HT is CONTRACTION
35
Q

SATA on effects of serotonin on blood pressure

a. early sharp fall
b. brief rise
c. brief fall
d. prolonged fall
e. prolonged rise

A

a. early sharp fall
b. brief rise
d.prolonged fall

36
Q

match:

vasodilation
vasocontriction
thombus formation

5HT2A
5HT1
5HT3

A

5ht1 - vasodilation
5ht2a - vasoconstriction, thrombus formation

37
Q

effect of serotonin on heart
a. positive inotropic, negative chronotropic
b. negative inotropic, positive chronotropic
c. positive inotropic, positive chronotropic
d. negative inotropic, negative chronotropic

A

c. positive inotropic, positive chronotropic

38
Q

SATA
Effects of serotonin on visceral smooth muscle

a. GIT: increased peristalsis, increased secretions
b. Bronchi: bronchoconstriction
c. Inhibits gastric secretion (acid and pepsin) but increases mucus production
c. GIT: increased peristalsis, decreased secretion
d. Bronchi: bronchodilation

A

a. GIT: increased peristalsis, increased secretions
b. Bronchi: bronchoconstriction
c. Inhibits gastric secretion (acid and pepsin) but increases mucus production

39
Q

SATA effect of serotonin on nerve endings
a. activation of afferent nerve endings
b. tingling and pricking sensation
c. pain
d. activation of efferent nerve endings

A

a. activation of afferent nerve endings
b. tingling and pricking sensation
c. pain

40
Q

SATA

effects of serotonin in respiration
a. brief stimulation of respiration
b. hyperventilation
c. transient apnea
d. coronary chemoreflex

A

a. brief stimulation of respiration
b. hyperventilation
c. transient apnea (large doses)
d. coronary chemoreflex

40
Q

SATA

effects of serotonin in respiration
a. brief stimulation of respiration
b. hyperventilation
c. transient apnea
d. coronary chemoreflex

A

a. brief stimulation of respiration
b. hyperventilation
c. transient apnea (large doses)
d. coronary chemoreflex

41
Q

effects on platelets (5ht2a)
a. causes changes in shape
b. weak aggregator
c. potent fibrinolysis
d. vasodilation

A

a. causes changes in shape
b. weak aggregator

42
Q

effects of direct injection on CNS
a. sleepiness
b. change in body temperature
c. hunger
d. behavioral effects

A

a. sleepiness
b. change in body temperature
c. hunger
d. behavioral effects

43
Q

effects of serotonin on inflammation
a. pro-inflammatory influence in acute inflammatory states
b. acting via the 5HT2A recepto
c. airway inflammation
d. asthma

A

a. pro-inflammatory influence in acute inflammatory states
b. acting via the 5HT2A recepto
c. airway inflammation
d. asthma

44
Q

Depletion of 5HT elicits

narcoplesy
insomnia
hyperactivity

A

Depletion of 5HT with* p-chlorophenylalanine*, a tryptophan hydroxylase inhibitor, elicits insomnia that is

reversed by the** 5HT precursor, 5-hydroxytryptophan
**

45
Q

treatment with l-tryptophan or with nonselective 5HT agonists

A

accelerates sleep onset and prolongs total sleep time

46
Q

which are true?

a. Serotonin serves a critical role in aggression and impulsivity
b. Human studies reveal a correlation between high CSF 5-HIAA and violent impulsivity
c. Human studies reveal a correlation between low CSF 5-HIAA and violent impulsivity and aggression

A

a. Serotonin serves a critical role in aggression and impulsivity

c. Human studies reveal a correlation between low CSF 5-HIAA and** violent impulsivity and aggression**

47
Q

a 5HT2C receptor agonist approved for weight loss

A

Lorcaserin

48
Q

mechanism for lorcaserin
SATA

  • Decrease food consumption and promote satiety
  • selectively activating 5HT2C receptors on anorexigenic proopiomelanocortin neurons in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus
  • selectively activating 5HT6 receptors
  • inhibiting 5HT2C
A
  • Decrease food consumption and promote satiety
  • selectively activating 5HT2C receptors on anorexigenic proopiomelanocortin neurons in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus
49
Q

SATA
TRUE:

a. serotonin involved in sleep, temperature regulation, thought, cognitive function, behavior, mood, appetite, vomiting and pain perception
b. **precursor of melatonin in pineal gland that regulates biological clock and maintain circadian rhythm
c. neuro-endocrine function which regulates hypothalamic neurons that control release of anterior pituitary hormones **
d. initiate vasocontrictor phase of migraine and participates in neurogenic inflammation of cranial blood vessels.

A

ALL ARE TRUE

50
Q

SATA

TRUE:**

a.** nausea and vomiting evoked by cytotoxic drug/radiotherapy is mediated by release of 5ht
b. causes platelet agrregation** and** clot formation** at site of injury to blood vessel
c. promotes retraction of injured vessel
d. 5ht release from platelets may trigger acute vasospastic episodes of larger arteries

A

all are true

51
Q

SATA

TRUE:
a. increased responsiveness to 5ht and decreased uptake and clearance by platelets seen in hypertensives
b. enterochromaffincells and 5ht containing neurons regulate peristalsis and local reflexes in gut (activated by intestinal distention)
c. carcinoid tumors-produce massive amounts of 5ht leading to bowel hypermotility and bronchoconstriction
d. pleaagra duetp diversion of tryptophan for synthesizing 5ht

A

all are true

PHARMA (29 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions