ANTH 1000 - Ch. 3 Flashcards
nocturnal
active at night and at rest during the day
arboreal
living in the trees
diurnal
active during the day and rest at night
grade
a general level of biological organization seen among a group of species; useful for constructing evolutionary relationship
clade
a taxonomic grouping that contains a single common ancestor and all of its descendants
Prosimii
a suborder of primates that includes lemurs, lorises, and tarsiers
Anthropoidea
a suborder of the primates that includes New World monkeys, Old World monkeys, and apes (including humans)
Strepsirhini
in the alternate primate taxonomy, the suborder that includes the lemurs and larises without the tarsiers
Haplorhini
in the alternate primate taxonomy, the suborder that includes tarsiers, monkeys, apes, and humans
Platyrrhini
a primate infraorder that include New World monkeys
Catarrhini
A primate infraorder that includes Old World monkeys, apes, and humans
hominoid
The taxonomic division superfamily withint the Old World primates that includes gibbons, siamangs, orangutans, gorillas, chimpanzees, bonobos, and humans
hominid
African hominoid family that includes humans and their ancestors. Some scientists, recognizing the close relationship of humans, chimps, bonobos, and gorillas, use the term hominid to refer to all African hominoids. They then divide the hominid family into two subfamilies: the Paninae (chimps, bonobos, and gorillas) and the Homininae (humans and their ancestors).
hominin
the taxonomic subfamily or tribe within the primates that includes humans and our ancestors
dental formula
the number of each tooth type (incisors, canines, premolars, and molars) on one half of each jaw. Unlike other mammals, primates posses equal numbers on their upper and lower jaws so the dental formula for the species is a single series of numbers