ANTH 1000 - Ch. 15

Question 1

urgent anthropology

Answer 1

ethnographic research that documents endangered cultures; also known as salvage ethnography

Question 2

advocacy anthropology

Answer 2

research that is community based and politically involved

Question 3

multi-sited enthnography

Answer 3

the investigation and documentation of peoples and cultures embedded in the larger structures of a globalizing world, utilizing a range of methods in various locations of time and space

Question 4

ethnographic fieldwork

Answer 4

extended on-location research to gather details and in-depth information on a society’s customary ideas, values, and practices through participation in its collective social life

Question 5

key consultant

Answer 5

a member of the society being studied who provides information that helps researchers understand the meaning of what they observe; early anthropologists referred to such individuals as informants

Question 6

quantitative data

Answer 6

statistical or measurable information, such as demographic composition, the types and quantities of crops grown, or the ratio of spouses born and raised within or outside the community.

Question 7

qualitative data

Answer 7

nonstatistical information such as personal life stories and customary beliefs and practices

Question 8

informal interview

Answer 8

an unstructured, open-ended conversation in everyday life

Question 9

formal interview

Answer 9

a structured question/answer session carefully notated as it occurs and based on prepared questions

Question 10

eliciting device

Answer 10

an activity or object used to draw out individuals and encourage them to recall and share information

Question 11

digital ethnography

Answer 11

the use of digital technologies (audio and visual) for the collection, analysis, and representation of ethnographic data

Question 12

ethnohistory

Answer 12

a study of cultures of the recent past through oral histories; accounts of explorers, missionaries, and traders; and anaylsis of records such as land titles, birth and death records, and other archival materials

Question 13

theory

Answer 13

in science, an explanation of natural phenomena, supported by a reliable body of data

Question 14

Human Relations Area Files (HRAF)

Answer 14

A vast collection of cross-indexed ethnographic and archaeological data catalogued by cultural characteristics and geographic locations; archived in about 300 libraries (on microfiche or online)

Question 15

idealistic perspective

Answer 15

a theoretical approach stressing the primacy of superstructure in cultural research and analysis

Question 16

materialist perspective

Answer 16

a theoretical approach stressing the primacy of infrastructure (material conditions) in cultural research and analysis.

Question 17

Ethnohistory

Answer 17

If an anthropologist is studying a culture of the recent past using oral histories, accounts of explorers, missionaries, and traders and also through the analysis of such records as land titles, birth and death records, and other archival materials; that anthropologist is doing ___________.

Question 18

Informed consent

Answer 18

A formal, recorded agreement to participate in research is called __________.

Question 19

Applied anthropology

Answer 19

__________ is the use of anthropological knowledge and methods to solve practical problems in communities confronting new challenges

Question 20

True

Answer 20

T or F: The most important anthropological research tool by far is participant observation.

Question 21

Urgent anthropology

Answer 21

Ethnographic research that documents endangered cultures is known as __________.

Question 22

False

Answer 22

T or F: anthropologists use only qualitative data gathering techniques; quantitative data is used only by sociologists.

Question 23

Informal interviews

Answer 23

Unstructured, open-ended conversations in everyday life are called__________.

Question 24

Participant observation

Answer 24

The primary method in the anthropologist’s toolkit, regardless of the time period, has always been __________.

Question 25

An ethnographic and archeological database

Answer 25

The Human Relations Area Files (HRAF) is __________.

Question 26

Choosing a research question

Answer 26

What is the first step in doing ethnographic fieldwork?