ANTH 1000 - Ch. 10

Question 1

Neolithic

Answer 1

The New Stone Age; prehistoric period beginning about 10,000 years ago in which peoples possessed stone-based technologies and depended on domesticated plants and/or animals

Question 2

Mesolithic

Answer 2

The Middle Stone Age; period between the end of the Paleolithic and the start of the Neolithic; referred to as Archaic cultures in the Americas

Question 3

Archaic cultures

Answer 3

Term used to refer to Mesolithic cultures in the Americas

Question 4

microlith

Answer 4

a small blade of flint or similar stone, which were hafted together in handles or shafts made of wood, bone, or antler to make tools; widespread in the Mesolithic

Question 5

Natufian culture

Answer 5

A Mesolithic culture living in the lands that are now Israel, Lebanon, and western Syria between about 10,200 and 12,500 years ago.

Question 6

Neolithic revolution

Answer 6

the profound cultural change beginning about 10,000 years ago and associated with the early domestication of plants and animals and settlement in permanent villages. Sometimes referred to as the Neolithic transition

Question 7

innovation

Answer 7

any new idea, method, or device that gains widespread acceptance in society

Question 8

primary innovation

Answer 8

the creation, invention, or discovery by chance of a completely new idea, method, or device

Question 9

secondary innovation

Answer 9

the deliberate application or modification of an existing idea, method, or device

Question 10

domestication

Answer 10

an evolutionary process whereby humans modify, either intentionally or unintentionally, the genetic makeup of a population of plants or animals, sometimes to the extent that members of the population are unable to survive and/or reproduce without human assistance

Question 11

vegeculture

Answer 11

the cultivation of domesticated root crops, such as yams and taro

Question 12

horticulture

Answer 12

cultivation of crops carried out with simple hand tools such as digging sticks or hoe

Question 13

Mesoamerica

Answer 13

the region encompassing central and southern Mexico and northern Central America

Question 14

agriculture

Answer 14

the cultivation of food plants in soil prepared and maintained for crop production. Invovles using technologies other than hand tools, such as irrigation, fertilizers, and the wooden or metal plow pulled by harnessed draft animals

Question 15

pastoralism

Answer 15

Bredding and managing large herds of domesticated grazing and browsing animals, such as goats, sheep, cattle, horses, llamas, or camels