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Musculoskeletal System > Anteriolateral leg > Flashcards

Anteriolateral leg Flashcards

1
Q

What nerve innervates the anterior compartment of the leg?

A

-Deep fibular (peroneal) nerve

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2
Q

What artery accompanies the deep fibular nerve and supplies the anterior compartment of the leg?

A

-Anterior tibial artery

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3
Q

What nerve innervates the lateral compartment of the leg?

A

-Superficial fibular nerve

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4
Q

What protects the deep fibular nerve?

A

-Tibialis anterior

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5
Q

Where is the leg anatomically?

A

-Between knee and ankle

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6
Q

What bones are in the leg?

A
  • Tibia

- Fibula

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7
Q

Name the muscles in the anteriolateral leg

A
  • Tibularis anterior
  • Extensor digitorum longus
  • Extensor hallucis longus
  • Fibularis Tertius
  • Fibularis longus
  • Fibularis brevis
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8
Q

Where does the patella attach to the tibia?

A

-Patella ligament inserts into tibial tuberosity

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9
Q

How does the patella join to the femur?

A

-Quadriceps femoris tendon

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10
Q

What surrounds the anteriolateral leg compartment?

A

-Tough non-extensible fascia which arises from the periostium of the anterior tibia

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11
Q

What separates the lateral compartment from posterior and anterior?

A

-Intramuscular septa

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12
Q

Why is the leg so susceptible to compartent syndrome?

A

-Already tightly packed with muscles nerves and vessels

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13
Q

What are the first structures effects in compartement syndrome? What is the result of this?

A
  • Low pressure veins

- Reduces venous outflow and further increases swelling

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14
Q

Why is it too late to wait for symptoms such as parasthesia and loss of pulses in compartment syndrome?

A

-Ischaemia will often have already ensued and muscle cannot regenerate

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15
Q

What are the key features used to recognise compartment syndrome?

A
  • Pain that doesnt respond to analgesia
  • Tightness
  • Swelling
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16
Q

What is the function of the anterior compartment of the leg?

A

-Dorsiflexion (extension) of the foot

17
Q

What are the muscles in the anterior compartment of the leg from deep to superficial?

A
  • Fibularis tertius
  • Extensor Hallucis Longus
  • Extensor Digitorum Longus
  • Tibialis Anterior
18
Q

What covers all the tendons of the anterior compartment of the leg as they enter the foot?

A

-Extensor retinaculum

19
Q

What is the function of the extensor retinaculum of the foot?

A

-Hold tendons close to bone and prevent bowstringing during movement

20
Q

Where is fibularis terius found in the anterior compartment of the leg?

A

-Deep and most lateral

21
Q

What is the function of fibularis tertius?

A
  • Dorsiflex

- Evert the anke

22
Q

Where do all of the muscles of the anterior compartment of the leg, except tibialis anterior, arise from?

A

-The fibular

23
Q

How is EHL esily identified in dissection?

A

-Has a long tendon which attaches to the distal phalynx of the great toe

24
Q

What is the function of EHL?

A

-Extend the great toe

25
Q

Where does the EDL insert?

A

-Phalanges of 2-5th toes

26
Q

What is the function of EDL?

A

-Dorsiflexion of 2-5 toes

27
Q

What is the function of tibialis anterior?

A
  • Dorsiflexion

- Inversion

28
Q

What is the normal degree of active dorsiflexion at the ankle joint?

A

10-15 degrees

29
Q

What muscles are in the lateral compartment of the leg?

A
  • Fibularis longus

- Fibularis brevis

30
Q

What is the deepest muscle in the lateral compartment of the leg?

A

-Fibularis brevis

31
Q

Where do fibularis longus and brevis pass in relation to the lateral malleolus?

A

-Posterior

32
Q

Do both tendons of fibularis longus and brevis come in contact with bone at the lateral malleolus?

A

-No, fibularis longus tendon lays on top of fibularis brevis

33
Q

Where does the tendon of fibularis longus insert?

A

-Runs obliquely across the dorsum and attaches to 1st metatarsal

34
Q

What are the function of the lateral compartement of the leg?

A
  • Evert

- Weakly plantarflex

35
Q

How does the lateral compartment of the leg receive its blood supply?

A

-Perforating arteries from anterior tibial artery and fibular artery

36
Q

What are the common signs of common fibular nerve damage?

A
  • Footdrop (due to unopposed plantarflexion)
  • Highstepping gait (lift plantarflexed foot)
  • Weakened eversion (lateral compartement paralysed)
  • Sensory loss of lower lateral leg and dorsum of foot

Musculoskeletal System (34 decks)

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