ANS pharmacology Flashcards
what neurotransmitters are released along the sympathetic neurones and where
pre-ganglionic fibre = ACh
post-ganglionic fibre = NA (except sweat glands which is ACh and adrenal medulla which is NA and A)
what neurotransmitters are released along the parasympathetic neurones and where
pre-ganglionic fibre = ACh
post-ganglionic fibre = ACh
what is the biosynthesis etc path of acetylcholine
Acetyl CoA combines with choline to form CoA and ACh
ACh is stored in vesicles in the pre-ganglionic terminal
the vesicles move and release ACh
acetylcholinesterase breaks down ACh into choline and acetate - these are recycled
what is the biosynthesis etc path of noradrenaline
tyrosine is converted to DOPA by tyrosine hydroxylase
DOPA is converted into dopamine by DOPA decarboxylase
dopamine moves into a vesicle and is converted into by dopamine β hydroxylase
vesicle moves and releases NA
NA is taken up by 1) post synaptic membrane where its degraded by COMT or 20 pre-synaptic membrane where its degraded by AMO
what type of receptor are muscarinic receptors (including the specific inhibitory or stimulatory effect of each)
type 2 - G-protein coupled
M1 and M3 are stimulatory
M2 is inhibitory
what does atropine do
block muscarinic receptors
where are M1 receptors found
salivary glands
CNS
stomach
where are M2 receptors found
heart
where are M3 receptors found
eye
sweat gland
salivary gland
bronchial/visceral smooth muscle
what type of receptor is a nicotinic R
ligand gated ion channel (type 1)
what does hexamethonium do
block nicotinic receptors
how do beta antagonists work in the treatment of glaucoma
they decrease the rate of aqueous humour production by blocking the receptors on the ciliary body
