Angiosperm

Question 1

What is an angiosperm?

Answer 1

Flowering plants

• > very symbiotic with animals and pollinators, thus much co-evolution
• > most dominant, not relying on chance of the weather

Question 2

morphology of the angiosperm flower

Answer 2

described as 3 whorls

• > outer whorls } sepals and petals, attract and protect
• > inner whorls } stamens and carpels

Question 3

What is a stamen?

Answer 3

On a flower, it is where the male pollen is created

• > like on the anther
• > pollen produces no flagellated sperm
• > contains 3 nuclei
• –> one for pollen tube, other 2 to fertilize

Question 4

What are carpels?

Answer 4

the female part for reproduction

-> inside overy, inside egg, contains the egg and 2 polar nuclei for double fertilization

Question 5

Describe double fertilization

Answer 5

Pollen tube attached to the F gametophyte

• > on pollen nuclei fuses with the egg, = the zygote
• > other fuses with the polar nucli, this forms a 3n endosperm in the seed (ie the food)

Question 6

How did angiosperms come to be?

Answer 6

strobial theory } flowers are modified leaves

Question 7

lc of a Lilium (lily)

Answer 7

pollen from anther arrives at the stigma

• > pollen tube transports nuclei to egg
• > double fertilization
• > develops 3 layered seed to disperse

Question 8

How do seeds disperse?

Answer 8

This is where fruits come in
-> Fleshy fruit } developed from the ovary after fertilization, dispersed by animals
-> cereal grains/ fruit } can be dispersed via seeds
both cases, it protects the seeds

Question 9

Key pollinators, coevolution

Answer 9

beetles (pollen evolved to be eaten)
Flyes (gross smelling flower)
butterfly (long and narrow flowers, flower looks like a landing pad)
birds (co-evolved beak shape and flower shape)
Bats (need tough flowers, verry messy)
wasps (like in orcids, looks like a wasp so it tries to have sex with it)