Anatomy: Osteology Checklist Flashcards
What is indicated by the arrow?
Frontal bone
What is indicated by the arrows?
Supra-orbital foraminae of frontal bone
What is indicated by the arrow?
Frontal sinus of frontal bone
What is indicated by the arrow?
Orbital plates of frontal bone
What is indicated by the arrow?
Ethmoid bone
What is indicated by the arrows?
Crista galli of ethmoid bone
What is indicated by the arrow?
Cribriform plate of ethmoid bone
What is indicated by the arrow?
Superior concha of ethmoid bone
What is indicated by the arrow?
Middle concha of ethmoid bone
What is indicated by the arrow?
Ethmoid air cells of ethmoid bone
What is indicated by the arrow?
Perpendicular plate of ethmoid bone
What is indicated by the arrow?
Sphenoid bone
What is indicated by the arrow?
Optic canals of sphenoid bone
What is indicated by the arrow?
Superior orbital fissure of sphenoid bone
What is indicated by the arrow?
Foramen rotundum of sphenoid bone
What is indicated by the arrow?
Foramen ovale of sphenoid bone
What is indicated by the arrow?
Foramen spinosum of sphenoid bone
What is indicated by the arrow?
Pituitary (hypophysial) fossa of sphenoid bone
What is indicated by the arrow?
Medial pterygoid plates of sphenoid bone
What is indicated by the arrow?
Sphenoid sinus of sphenoid bone
What is indicated by the arrow?
Parietal bones
What is indicated by the arrow?
Coronal suture
What is indicated by the arrow?
Sagittal suture
What is indicated by the arrow?
Occipital bone
What is indicated by the arrow?
Foramen magnum of occipital bone
What is indicated by the arrows?
Jugular foramen of occipital bone
What is indicated by the arrows?
Hypoglossal canal of occipital bone
What is indicated by the arrows?
Occipital condyles of occipital bone
What is indicated by the arrow?
External occipital protuberance of occipital bone
What is indicated by the arrow?
Internal occipital protuberance of occipital bone
What is indicated by the arrow?
Grooves for dural venous sinuses of occipital bone
What is indicated by the arrow?
Temporal bone
What is indicated by the arrow?
Internal acoustic meatus of temporal bone
What is indicated by the arrow?
External acoustic meatus of temporal bones
What is indicated by the arrow?
Squamous part of the temporal bone
What is indicated by the arrow?
Petrous part of the temporal bone
What is indicated by the arrow?
Styloid process of temporal bones
What is indicated by the arrow?
Mastoid process of temporal bone
What is indicated by the arrow?
Stylomastoid foramen of temporal bone
What is indicated by the arrow?
Glenoid (mandibular) fossa of temporal bones
What is indicated by the arrow?
Carotid canal of temporal bones
What is indicated by the arrow?
Zygomatic process of temporal bones
What is indicated by the arrow?
Grooves for middle meningeal arteries of temporal bones
What is indicated by the arrow?
Pterion
What is the thinnest part of the cranium?
Pterion
What is indicated by the arrow?
Mandible
What is indicated by the arrow?
Condyle of mandible
What is indicated by the arrow?
Coronoid process of mandible
What is indicated by the arrow?
Ramus of mandible
What is indicated by the arrow?
Angle of mandible
What is indicated by the arrow?
Mental process (protuberance) of mandible (chin)
What is indicated by the arrow?
Alveolar process
What is indicated by the arrow?
Mental foramen
What is indicated by the arrow?
Mandibular canal
What is indicated by the arrow?
Maxillae
What is indicated by the arrow?
Palatine process of the maxilla
Which bones form the floor of the orbit?
- Minute orbital process of palatine bone
- Orbital surface of maxilla
- Orbital surface of zygomatic bone
What is indicated by the arrow?
Infraorbital foramen of the maxilla
What is indicated by the arrow?
Opening for nasolacrimal duct
What is indicated by the arrow?
Maxillary sinus (antrum)
What is indicated by the arrows?
Zygomatic bones
Which bones form the lateral wall of the orbit?
Anteriorly by zygomatic bone, posteriorly by the greater wing of the sphenoid bone
What is indicated by the arrow?
Zygomatic arch
What is indicated by the arrow?
Zygomatic process of temporal bone
What is indicated by the arrow?
Temporal process of zygoma
What is indicated by the arrow?
Articular tubercle
What is indicated by the arrow and which two bones does it consist of?
Nasal septum
Inferior part - vomer
Superior part - perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone
What is indicated by the arrow?
Perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone
What is indicated by the arrow?
Vomer
What is indicated by the arrow?
Nasal bones
What is indicated by the arrows?
Palatine bones
What is indicated by the arrow?
Inferior conchae
What is indicated by the arrow?
Malleus (1/3 of the auditory ossicles)
What is indicated by the arrow?
Incus (1/3 of the auditory ossicles)
What is indicated by the arrow?
Staples (1/3 of the auditory ossicles)
Which region of the spine would you find this vertebra in?
Cervical
Which cervical vertebra does not have a spinous process or a body?
C1
Which cervical vertebrae has a non-bifid, long, palpable spinous process?
Vertebra prominens - C7
What is indicated by the arrow?
Attachment points for the transverse ligament of the atlas - small tubercle on the medial surface of the lateral mass
What is indicated by the arrow?
Superior articular facets for the occipital condyles (atlanto-occipital joints)
What is indicated by the arrow?
Inferior articular facets for the superior articular facets of the atlas (atlanto-axial joints)
What is indicated by the arrow?
Anterior arch of C1
What is indicated by the arrow?
Posterior arch of C1
What is indicated by the arrow?
Odontoid process of C2
What is indicated by the arrow?
Superior articular facets of C2 - for the inferior articular facets of the atlas (atlanto-axial joints)
Which joint is formed by the articulation between the inferior facets of the lateral masses of C1 and the superior facets of C2?
Lateral atlanto-occipital joint
What is indicated by the arrow?
Temporomandibular joint
What is indicated by the arrow?
Vertebral body of a thoracic vertebra - heart-shaped
What is indicated by the arrow?
Laminae of a thoracic vertebra
What is indicated by the arrow?
Transverse processes of a thoracic vertebra
What is indicated by the arrow?
Spinous process of a thoracic vertebra
What is indicated by the arrow?
Vertebral foramen of a thoracic vertebra
What is indicated by the arrow?
Vertebral canal
What is indicated by the arrows?
Superior articular process and facet of a thoracic vertebra
What is indicated by the arrow?
Inferior articular process of a thoracic vertebra
What is indicated by the arrow?
Costal facets of a thoracic vertebra
What is indicated by the arrows?
Intervertebral discs (fibrocartilaginous joints between disc and vertebral body)
What is indicated by the arrow?
Intervertebral foramina of a thoracic vertebra
What is indicated by the arrow?
Head of rib
What is indicated by the arrow?
Neck of rib
What is indicated by the arrow?
Tubercle of rib
What is indicated by the arrow?
Angle of rib
What is indicated by the arrow?
Body (shaft) of rib
What is indicated by the arrow?
Costal groove of rib
What is indicated by the arrow?
Facets of rib
What is indicated by the arrow?
Site of articulation with costal cartilage
What is indicated by the arrow?
Scalene tubercle on rib 1
What is indicated by the arrow?
Groove for subclavian artery on rib 1
What is indicated by the arrow?
Groove for subclavian vein on rib 1
What is indicated by the colour yellow?
Costal cartilages
What is indicated by the arrow?
Costal margin
What is indicated by the arrow?
Infrasternal (subcostal) angle
What is indicated by the arrow?
Sternum
What is indicated by the arrow?
Jugular notch
What is indicated by the arrow?
Sternal angle
What is indicated by the arrow?
Manubrium of sternum
What is indicated by the arrow?
Xiphoid process
What is indicated by the arrow?
Acromial (lateral) end of the clavicle
What is indicated by the arrow?
Sternal (medial) end of the clavicle
What is indicated by the arrow?
Midclavicular line
What is indicated by the arrow?
Acromion process of the scapula
What is indicated by the arrow?
Coracoid process of the scapula
What is indicated by the arrow?
Glenoid fossa of the scapula
What is indicated by the arrow?
Spine of the scapula
What is indicated by the arrow?
Infraspinatus fossa of the scapula
What is indicated by the arrow?
Subscapular fossa of the scapula
What is indicated by the arrow?
Superior angle of the scapula
What is indicated by the arrow?
Inferior angle of the scapula
What is indicated by the arrow?
Scapular line
What is the name given to all synovial joints between the articular processes of adjacent vertebrae?
Facet joints
What is indicated by the arrows?
Costovertebral joints
What is indicated by the arrow?
Costochondral joint
What is indicated by the arrow?
Sternocostal joint
What is indicated by the arrows?
Sternoclavicular joint
What is indicated by the arrow?
Acromioclavicular joint
What is indicated by the arrow?
Head of humerus
What is indicated by the arrow?
Anatomical neck of humerus
What is indicated by the arrow?
Surgical neck of humerus
What is indicated by the arrow?
Greater tubercle of humerus
What is indicated by the arrow?
Lesser tubercle of humerus
What is indicated by the arrow?
Intertubercular (bicipital) groove/sulcus of humerus
What is indicated by the arrow?
Shaft of humerus
What is indicated by the arrow?
Radial groove of humerus (for radial nerve)
What is indicated by the arrow?
Deltoid tuberosity of humerus
What is indicated by the arrow?
Medial supraepicondylar ridge of humerus
What is indicated by the arrow?
Lateral supraepicondylar ridge of humerus
What is indicated by the arrows?
Medial epicondyle of humerus
What is indicated by the arrow?
Lateral epicondyle of humerus
What is indicated by the arrow?
Trochlea of humerus
What is indicated by the arrow?
Capitulum of humerus
What is indicated by the arrow?
Olecranon fossa of humerus
What is indicated by the arrow?
Head of radius
What is indicated by the arrow?
Neck of radius
What is indicated by the arrow?
Shaft of radius
What is indicated by the arrow?
Radial tuberosity of radius
What is indicated by the arrow?
Styloid process of radius
What is indicated by the arrow?
Olecranon of ulna
What is indicated by the arrow?
Shaft of ulna
What is indicated by the arrow?
Head of ulna
What is indicated by the arrow?
Styloid process of ulna
Name the bones of the wrist from lateral to medial
Scaphoid, Lunate, Triquetral, Pisiform, Trapezium, Trapezoid, Capitate, Hamate
What is indicated by the arrow?
Scaphoid (carpal bone)
What is indicated by the arrow?
Lunate (carpal bone)
What is indicated by the arrow?
Triquetral (carpal bone)
What is indicated by the arrow?
Pisiform (carpal bone)
What is indicated by the arrow?
Trapezium (carpal bone)
What is indicated by the arrow?
Trapezoid (carpal bone)
What is indicated by the arrow?
Capitate (carpal bone)
What is indicated by the arrow?
Hamate (carpal bone)
Name the metacarpals from lateral to medial
1st (articulates with the thumb) - 5th (articulates with the little finger)
Name the phalanges of each finger
Each finger has a proximal, middle and a distal phalanx
Name the phalanges of the thumb
The thumb has only a proximal and a distal phalanx
What is indicated by the arrow?
Shoulder (glenohumeral) joint
What is indicated by the arrow?
Elbow joint
What is indicated by the arrow?
Proximal radioulnar joint
What is indicated by the arrow?
Distal radioulnar joint
What is indicated by the arrow?
Wrist joint (between radius/articular disc and scaphoid, lunate & triquetral)
What is indicated by the arrow?
Midcarpal joint (between the proximal row and the distal row of carpal bones)
What is indicated by the arrows?
Carpometacarpal joints
What is indicated by the arrows?
Metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joints
What is indicated by the arrow?
Proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joints
What is indicated by the arrow?
Distal interphalangeal (DIP) joints
What is indicated by the arrow?
Costal facets of a thoracic vertebra - on transverse process for articulation with tubercle of rib
What is show in the diagram?
Atlantoaxial joint
What is indicated by the arrow?
Cervical lordosis
What is indicated by the arrow?
Thoracic kyphosis
What is indicated by the arrow?
Lumbar lordosis
What is indicated by the arrow?
Sacral kyphosis
What is indicated by the arrow?
Coccyx
What is indicated by the arrow?
Sacral promontory
What is indicated by the arrow?
Anterior sacral foramina
What is indicated by the arrow?
Posterior sacral foramina
What is indicated by the arrow?
Sacral hiatus
Name the movements of the cervical region of the spine
Flexion, extension, lateral flexion, rotation
Name the movements of the thoracic region of the spine
Flexion, extension, lateral flexion, rotation
Name the movements of the lumbar region of the spine
Flexion, extension, lateral flexion
What is indicated by the arrow?
Vertebral body
What is indicated by the arrow?
Pedicles
What is indicated by the arrow?
Laminae
What is indicated by the arrow?
Transverse process
What is indicated by the arrow?
Spinous process
What is indicated by the arrow?
Vertebral foramen
What is indicated by the arrow?
Vertebral canal
What is indicated by the arrow?
Superior articular process
What is indicated by the arrow?
Inferior articular process
What is indicated by the arrow?
Intervertebral foramen
What is indicated by the arrow?
Annulus fibrosis of IV disc
What is indicated by the arrow?
Nucleus pulposus of IV disc
What is indicated by the arrow?
Transverse foraminae of a cervical vertebra
What is indicated by the arrow?
Ilium
Name the three bones of the hip bone
Ilium, ischium, pubic bone
Which bones make up the pelvic girdle?
Sacrum and the two hip bones (left and right)
Which bones make up the bony pelvis?
Pelvic girdle and the coccyx
What is indicated by the arrow?
Anterior superior iliac spine of the ilium
What is indicated by the arrow?
Posterior superior iliac spine of the ilium
What is indicated by the arrow?
Inguinal ligament
What is indicated by the arrow?
Ischium
What is indicated by the arrow?
Ischial spine of the ischium
What is indicated by the arrow?
Superior ischiopubic ramus of the ischium
What is indicated by the arrow?
Ischial spine (position for ischial attachment of the sacrospinous ligament
What is indicated by the arrow?
Ischial tuberosity
What is indicated by the arrow?
Pubic bone
What is indicated by the arrow?
Pubic tubercle of the pubic bone
What is indicated by the arrow?
Pubic symphysis of the pubic bone
What is indicated by the arrows?
Superior pubic ramus of the pubic bone
What is indicated by the arrow?
Ischiopubic ramus of the pubic bone
What is indicated by the arrows?
Pubic arch of the pubic bone
What is indicated by the arrow?
Subpubic angle of the pubic bone
Name the two attachments of the inguinal ligament
ASIS and pubic tubercle
What is indicated by the arrow?
Sacral canal
Name the position for the sacral attachment of the sacrotuberous ligament
Lateral sacral crests
What is indicated by the arrow?
Median sacral crest
What is indicated by the arrow?
Acetabulum
What is indicated by the arrow?
Obturator foramina
What is indicated by the blue arrow?
Greater sciatic foramen
What is indicated by the red arrow?
Lesser sciatic foramen
Name the components of the pelvic inlet
Sacral promontory, ileum, superior pubic ramus, pubic symphysis
What is indicated by the arrow?
Pubic symphysis
Name the components of the pelvic outlet
Pubic symphysis, ischiopubic ramus, ischial tuberosities, sacrotuberous ligaments, coccyx
What is indicated by the arrow?
Sacrotuberous ligament
What is indicated by the arrows?
Sacroiliac joints
What is indicated by the arrow?
Hip joint
What is indicated by the arrow?
Head of femur
What is indicated by the arrow?
Neck of femur (NOF)
What is indicated by the arrow?
Shaft of femur
What is indicated by the arrow?
Greater trochanter of femur
What is indicated by the arrow?
Lesser trochanter of femur
What is indicated by the arrow?
Intertrochanteric line of femur
What is indicated by the arrow?
Gluteal tuberosity of femur
What is indicated by the arrow?
Linea aspera of femur
What is indicated by the arrow?
Adductor tubercle of femur
What is indicated by the arrow?
Medial condyle of femur
What is indicated by the arrow?
Lateral condyle of femur
What is indicated by the arrow?
Patella
What is indicated by the arrow?
Medial condyle of tibia
What is indicated by the arrow?
Lateral condyle of tibia
What is indicated by the arrow?
Intercondylar area of tibia
What is indicated by the arrow?
Intercondylar eminece of tibia
What is indicated by the arrow?
Gerdy tubercle of tibia
What is indicated by the arrow?
Tibial tuberosity of tibia
What is indicated by the arrow?
Shaft of tibia
What is indicated by the arrow?
Medial malleolus of tibia
What is indicated by the arrow?
Head of fibula
What is indicated by the arrow?
Neck of fibula
What is indicated by the arrow?
Shaft of fibula
What is indicated by the arrow?
Lateral malleolus
Name the hindfoot bones
Talus and calcaneus
What is indicated by the arrow?
Talus
What is indicated by the arrow?
Calcaneus
What is indicated by the arrow?
Navicular bone
Name the midfoot bones
Navicular, cuboid and the three cuneiforms (medial, intermediate, lateral)
What is indicated by the arrow?
Cuboid bone
What is indicated by the arrow?
Medial cuneiform bone
What is indicated by the arrow?
Intermediate cuneiform bone
What is indicated by the arrow?
Lateral cuneiform bone
Name the forefoot bones
5 metatarsals (1st - 5th) 14 phalanges
Name the phalanges of the toes
Each toe has a proximal, middle and distal phalanx
Name the phalanges of the great toe (hallux)
The great toe only has a proximal and distal phalanx
What is indicated by the arrow?
Medial femorotibial articulation of the knee joint
What is indicated by the arrow?
Lateral femorotibial articulation of the knee joint
What is indicated by the arrow?
Patellofemoral articulation of the knee joint
What is indicated by the arrow?
Ankle joint
What is indicated by the arrow?
Subtalar joint (talus with calcaneus)
What is indicated by the arrow?
Midtarsal joint (transverse tarsal = hindfoot with midfoot)
What is indicated by the arrow?
Proximal-interphalangeal (PIP) joint
What is indicated by the arrow?
Distal-interphalangeal (DIP) joint
What is indicated by the arrow?
Lateral pterygoid plates of sphenoid bone
What is indicated by the arrow?
Infraorbital canal
What is indicated by the arrow?
Superior temporal line
What is indicated by the arrow?
Inferior temporal line
What is indicated by the arrow?
Temporal line of frontal bone
What does the alveolar process of the mandible contain?
Includes the sockets for the lower tooth roots
What is the mandibular canal?
Internal connection between the mental and mandibular foraminae
What is the function of the articular tubercle?
Prevents dislocation of TMJ
Which joint is formed by the articulation of the dens of C2 with the articular facet of C1?
Medial atlanto-axial joint
What doe the sternal angle articulate with?
Costal cartilage of rib 2
What is indicated by the arrow?
Body of sternum
What is indicated by the arrow?
Inferior ischiopubic ramus of the ischium
What is indicated by the arrow?
(Left) inferior nasal concha of ethmoid bone
What is indicated by the arrow?
(Left) middle nasal concha of ethmoid bone
What is indicated by the arrow?
(Left) superior nasal concha of ethmoid bone
Name the position for the ischial attachment of the sacrotuberous ligament
Ischial tuberosity
What is indicated by the arrow?
Lateral sacral crests
Name the position for the sacral attachment of the sacrospinous ligament
Median sacral crest
What is indicated by the arrow?
Sacrospinous ligament
