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MBChB YR2 MSK > Anatomy: Joints of the Upper Limb > Flashcards

Anatomy: Joints of the Upper Limb Flashcards

1
Q

Name the muscles responsible for pronation of the forearm via the radio-capitallar joint of the elbow

A

Pronator teres and pronator quadratus

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2
Q

What is the function of the collateral ligaments of the elbow joint?

A

Stabilise the flexing and extending motion of the arm

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3
Q

What is the midcarpal joint?

A

Joint between the proximal and distal row of carpal bones (wrist)

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4
Q

Which ligament of the elbow joint is indicated by the arrow?

A

Annular ligament

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5
Q

What is the distal radioulnar joint?

A

Located near the wrirst, articulation between the ulnar notch of the radius and the ulnar head

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6
Q

Which joint is indicated by the arrow?

A

Midcarpal joint

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7
Q

Name the two articulations of the elbow joint

A

Humero-ulnar and radio-capitallar

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8
Q

What is the annular ligament of the elbow?

A

Stabilizes proximal radioulnar joint by holding radius against radial notch of ulna

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9
Q

Name the movements of the wrist joint

A

Flexion-extension, adduction-abduction and circumduction

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10
Q

What is the coracoacromial ligament of the shoulder?

A

Runs betwen the acromion and corocoid process of the scapula, prevents superior dislocation of the humeral head

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11
Q

What is the function of the proximal and distal interphalangeal joints?

A

Permit flexion/extension between the phalanges

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12
Q

Which ligaments of the shoulder joint is indicated by the arrow?

A

Glenohumeral ligaments

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13
Q

Which ligament of the elbow joint is indicated by the arrow?

A

Medial (ulnar) ligament

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14
Q

Which joint is indicated by the arrow?

A

Carpometacarpal joint

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15
Q

What is the function of the carpometacarpal joint of the thumb

A

Permits a full range of movement between the trapezium and 1st metacarpal including opposition

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16
Q

Name the muscles responsible for external rotation of the shoulder joint

A

Infraspinatus and teres minor

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17
Q

What is the glenoid labrum?

A

Fibrocartilage rim which deepens the glenoid fossa to reduce the disproportion in surfaces of the shoulder joint

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18
Q

Where is the subtendinous bursa of the elbow located?

A

Between the olecranon and the tendon of the triceps brachii

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19
Q

Where is the intratendinous bursa of the elbow located?

A

Within the tendon of the triceps brachii

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20
Q

What is the proximal radioulnar joint?

A

Located near the elbow, articulation between the head of the radius and the radial notch of the ulna

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21
Q

Name the muscles responsible for adduction of the shoulder joint

A

Pectoralis major, latissimus dorsi and teres major

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22
Q

Name the two articulatory surfaces of the shoulder joint

A

Humeral head and the scapular glenoid fossa

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23
Q

Name the muscles responsible for internal rotation of the shoulder joint

A

Subscapularis, pectoralis major, latissimus dorsi, teres major and anterior deltoid

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24
Q

Define subluxation

A

Partial dislocation, where the articular surfaces are displaced, but still overlap

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25
Q

Where is the subscapular bursa of the shoulder located?

A

Between the subscapularis tendon and the scapula

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26
Q

What are the glenohumeral ligaments of the shoulder?

A

Form the joint capsule of the shoulder joint, connect the humerus to the glenoid fossa, act as the main stabilises of the joint and prevent anterior dislocation

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27
Q

What type of joint is the midcarpal joint?

A

Series of synovial gliding joints

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28
Q

Name the joint of the elbow responsible for flexion of the forearm

A

Humero-ulnar

29
Q

What is the coracohumeral ligament of the shoulder?

A

Attaches the base of the coracoid process to the greater tubercle of humerus, supports the superior part of the joint capsule

30
Q

Which ligament of the shoulder joint is indicated by the arrow?

A

Coracoacromial ligament

31
Q

Which ligament of the shoulder joint is indicated by the arrow?

A

Transverse humeral ligament

32
Q

Which joint is indicated by the arrow?

A

Proximal interphalangeal joint

33
Q

Name the muscles responsible for extension of the forearm via the humero-ulnar joint of the elbow

A

Triceps brachii and anconeus

34
Q

During pronation, describe the movement of the ulna/radius

A

Radius moves over ulna

35
Q

The joint capsule of the elbow is thickened medially and laterally to form what?

A

Collateral ligaments

36
Q

What is the function of the subacromial bursa of the shoulder?

A

Reduces friction beneath the deltoid, promoting free motion of the rotator cuff tendons

37
Q

Which ligament of the elbow joint is indicated by the arrow?

A

Lateral (radial) collateral ligament

38
Q

Name the articulatory surfaces of the radio-capitallar joint

A

Head of the radius and capitulum of the humerus

39
Q

What is the function of the subtendinous bursa of the elbow?

A

Reduces friction between the olecranon and the tendon of the triceps brachii during extension and flexion of the arm

40
Q

Name the articulating surfaces of the wrist joint

A

Proximal row of the carpal bones (except pisiform) distally, distal end of the radius, and the articular disk proximally

41
Q

Which joint is indicated by the arrow?

A

Metacarpophalangeal joint

42
Q

What type of joint is the elbow joint?

A

Hinge type synovial joint

43
Q

What is the function of the subscapular bursa of the shoulder?

A

Reduces wear and tear on the tendon during movement at the shoulder joint

44
Q

What is the medial (ulnar) ligament of the elbow?

A

Originates from the medial epicondyle and attaches to the coronoid process and olecranon of the ulna

45
Q

What is the shoulder joint capsule?

A

Fibrous sheath which encloses the structures of the joint; it extends from the anatomical neck of the humerus to the border of the glenoid labrum

46
Q

Name the joint of the elbow responsible for pronation of the forearm

A

Radio-capitallar joint (+ proximal and distal radioulnar joints)

47
Q

Which joint is indicated by the arrow?

A

Distal interphalangeal joint

48
Q

What type of joint is the carpometacarpal joint?

A

Synovial saddle joint

49
Q

What is the transverse humeral ligament of the shoulder?

A

Spans between the two tubercles of the humerus, holds the tendon of the long head of biceps in the intertubercular groove

50
Q

Define dislocation

A

Articular surfaces no longer overlap at all

51
Q

What is the function of the carpometacarpal joint?

A

Permit slight flexion between the distal carpals and the 2nd to 5th metacarpals

52
Q

What is the function of the proximal and distal radioulnar joints?

A

Allow pronation and supination of the forearm

53
Q

Name the articulatory surfaces of the elbow joint

A

Humerus and the bones of the distal forearm

54
Q

Name the articulatory surfaces of the humero-ulnar joint

A

Trochlear notch of the ulnar and the trochlea of the humerus

55
Q

Name the joint of the elbow responsible for extension of the forearm

A

Humero-ulnar

56
Q

Name the muscles responsible for flexion of the forearm via the humero-ulnar joint of the elbow

A

Brachialis, biceps brachii and brachioradialis

57
Q

Name the muscles responsible for abduction of the shoulder joint

A

0-15° - supraspinatus 15-90° - middle fibres of deltoid 90°+ - trapezius and serratus anterior

58
Q

What type of joint is the metacarpophalangeal joint?

A

Synovial condyloid joint

59
Q

Name the muscles responsible for supination of the forearm via the radio-capitallar joint of the elbow

A

Biceps brachii and supinator

60
Q

Name the joint of the elbow responsible for supination of the forearm

A

Radio-capitallar joint (+ proximal and distal radioulnar joints)

61
Q

Which ligament of the shoulder joint is indicated by the arrow?

A

Coracohumeral ligament

62
Q

Name the components of the shoulder girdle

A

The scapula, the clavicle, the proximal humerus and the supporting muscles including the deltoid and the muscles of the rotator cuff

63
Q

Name the muscles responsible for extension of the shoulder joint

A

Posterior deltoid, latissimus dorsi and teres major

64
Q

What is the lateral (radial) collateral ligament of the elbow?

A

Originates from the lateral epicondyle of the humerus, blends with the annular ligament of the radius

65
Q

Name the muscles responsible for flexion of the shoulder joint

A

Pectoralis major, anterior deltoid and coracobrachialis, biceps brachii weakly assists

66
Q

What is the function of the metacarpophalangeal joint?

A

Permit all movements except opposition between the metacarpals and proximal phalanges

67
Q

Where is the subacromial bursa of the shoulder located?

A

Deep to the deltoid and acromion, and superficial to the supraspinatus tendon and joint capsule

68
Q

Where is the subcutaneous bursa of the elbow located?

A

Between the olecranon and the overlying connective tissue

69
Q

What type of joint is the shoulder joint?

A

Ball and socket synovial joint

MBChB YR2 MSK (36 decks)

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