Anatomy: Joints of the Upper Limb

Question 1

Name the muscles responsible for pronation of the forearm via the radio-capitallar joint of the elbow

Answer 1

Pronator teres and pronator quadratus

Question 2

What is the function of the collateral ligaments of the elbow joint?

Answer 2

Stabilise the flexing and extending motion of the arm

Question 3

What is the midcarpal joint?

Answer 3

Joint between the proximal and distal row of carpal bones (wrist)

Question 4

Which ligament of the elbow joint is indicated by the arrow?

Answer 4

Annular ligament

Question 5

What is the distal radioulnar joint?

Answer 5

Located near the wrirst, articulation between the ulnar notch of the radius and the ulnar head

Question 6

Which joint is indicated by the arrow?

Answer 6

Midcarpal joint

Question 7

Name the two articulations of the elbow joint

Answer 7

Humero-ulnar and radio-capitallar

Question 8

What is the annular ligament of the elbow?

Answer 8

Stabilizes proximal radioulnar joint by holding radius against radial notch of ulna

Question 9

Name the movements of the wrist joint

Answer 9

Flexion-extension, adduction-abduction and circumduction

Question 10

What is the coracoacromial ligament of the shoulder?

Answer 10

Runs betwen the acromion and corocoid process of the scapula, prevents superior dislocation of the humeral head

Question 11

What is the function of the proximal and distal interphalangeal joints?

Answer 11

Permit flexion/extension between the phalanges

Question 12

Which ligaments of the shoulder joint is indicated by the arrow?

Answer 12

Glenohumeral ligaments

Question 13

Which ligament of the elbow joint is indicated by the arrow?

Answer 13

Medial (ulnar) ligament

Question 14

Which joint is indicated by the arrow?

Answer 14

Carpometacarpal joint

Question 15

What is the function of the carpometacarpal joint of the thumb

Answer 15

Permits a full range of movement between the trapezium and 1st metacarpal including opposition

Question 16

Name the muscles responsible for external rotation of the shoulder joint

Answer 16

Infraspinatus and teres minor

Question 17

What is the glenoid labrum?

Answer 17

Fibrocartilage rim which deepens the glenoid fossa to reduce the disproportion in surfaces of the shoulder joint

Question 18

Where is the subtendinous bursa of the elbow located?

Answer 18

Between the olecranon and the tendon of the triceps brachii

Question 19

Where is the intratendinous bursa of the elbow located?

Answer 19

Within the tendon of the triceps brachii

Question 20

What is the proximal radioulnar joint?

Answer 20

Located near the elbow, articulation between the head of the radius and the radial notch of the ulna

Question 21

Name the muscles responsible for adduction of the shoulder joint

Answer 21

Pectoralis major, latissimus dorsi and teres major

Question 22

Name the two articulatory surfaces of the shoulder joint

Answer 22

Humeral head and the scapular glenoid fossa

Question 23

Name the muscles responsible for internal rotation of the shoulder joint

Answer 23

Subscapularis, pectoralis major, latissimus dorsi, teres major and anterior deltoid

Question 24

Define subluxation

Answer 24

Partial dislocation, where the articular surfaces are displaced, but still overlap

Question 25

Where is the subscapular bursa of the shoulder located?

Answer 25

Between the subscapularis tendon and the scapula

Question 26

What are the glenohumeral ligaments of the shoulder?

Answer 26

Form the joint capsule of the shoulder joint, connect the humerus to the glenoid fossa, act as the main stabilises of the joint and prevent anterior dislocation

Question 27

What type of joint is the midcarpal joint?

Answer 27

Series of synovial gliding joints

Question 28

Name the joint of the elbow responsible for flexion of the forearm

Answer 28

Humero-ulnar

Question 29

What is the coracohumeral ligament of the shoulder?

Answer 29

Attaches the base of the coracoid process to the greater tubercle of humerus, supports the superior part of the joint capsule

Question 30

Which ligament of the shoulder joint is indicated by the arrow?

Answer 30

Coracoacromial ligament

Question 31

Which ligament of the shoulder joint is indicated by the arrow?

Answer 31

Transverse humeral ligament

Question 32

Which joint is indicated by the arrow?

Answer 32

Proximal interphalangeal joint

Question 33

Name the muscles responsible for extension of the forearm via the humero-ulnar joint of the elbow

Answer 33

Triceps brachii and anconeus

Question 34

During pronation, describe the movement of the ulna/radius

Answer 34

Radius moves over ulna

Question 35

The joint capsule of the elbow is thickened medially and laterally to form what?

Answer 35

Collateral ligaments

Question 36

What is the function of the subacromial bursa of the shoulder?

Answer 36

Reduces friction beneath the deltoid, promoting free motion of the rotator cuff tendons

Question 37

Which ligament of the elbow joint is indicated by the arrow?

Answer 37

Lateral (radial) collateral ligament

Question 38

Name the articulatory surfaces of the radio-capitallar joint

Answer 38

Head of the radius and capitulum of the humerus

Question 39

What is the function of the subtendinous bursa of the elbow?

Answer 39

Reduces friction between the olecranon and the tendon of the triceps brachii during extension and flexion of the arm

Question 40

Name the articulating surfaces of the wrist joint

Answer 40

Proximal row of the carpal bones (except pisiform) distally, distal end of the radius, and the articular disk proximally

Question 41

Which joint is indicated by the arrow?

Answer 41

Metacarpophalangeal joint

Question 42

What type of joint is the elbow joint?

Answer 42

Hinge type synovial joint

Question 43

What is the function of the subscapular bursa of the shoulder?

Answer 43

Reduces wear and tear on the tendon during movement at the shoulder joint

Question 44

What is the medial (ulnar) ligament of the elbow?

Answer 44

Originates from the medial epicondyle and attaches to the coronoid process and olecranon of the ulna

Question 45

What is the shoulder joint capsule?

Answer 45

Fibrous sheath which encloses the structures of the joint; it extends from the anatomical neck of the humerus to the border of the glenoid labrum

Question 46

Name the joint of the elbow responsible for pronation of the forearm

Answer 46

Radio-capitallar joint (+ proximal and distal radioulnar joints)

Question 47

Which joint is indicated by the arrow?

Answer 47

Distal interphalangeal joint

Question 48

What type of joint is the carpometacarpal joint?

Answer 48

Synovial saddle joint

Question 49

What is the transverse humeral ligament of the shoulder?

Answer 49

Spans between the two tubercles of the humerus, holds the tendon of the long head of biceps in the intertubercular groove

Question 50

Define dislocation

Answer 50

Articular surfaces no longer overlap at all

Question 51

What is the function of the carpometacarpal joint?

Answer 51

Permit slight flexion between the distal carpals and the 2nd to 5th metacarpals

Question 52

What is the function of the proximal and distal radioulnar joints?

Answer 52

Allow pronation and supination of the forearm

Question 53

Name the articulatory surfaces of the elbow joint

Answer 53

Humerus and the bones of the distal forearm

Question 54

Name the articulatory surfaces of the humero-ulnar joint

Answer 54

Trochlear notch of the ulnar and the trochlea of the humerus

Question 55

Name the joint of the elbow responsible for extension of the forearm

Answer 55

Humero-ulnar

Question 56

Name the muscles responsible for flexion of the forearm via the humero-ulnar joint of the elbow

Answer 56

Brachialis, biceps brachii and brachioradialis

Question 57

Name the muscles responsible for abduction of the shoulder joint

Answer 57

0-15° - supraspinatus 15-90° - middle fibres of deltoid 90°+ - trapezius and serratus anterior

Question 58

What type of joint is the metacarpophalangeal joint?

Answer 58

Synovial condyloid joint

Question 59

Name the muscles responsible for supination of the forearm via the radio-capitallar joint of the elbow

Answer 59

Biceps brachii and supinator

Question 60

Name the joint of the elbow responsible for supination of the forearm

Answer 60

Radio-capitallar joint (+ proximal and distal radioulnar joints)

Question 61

Which ligament of the shoulder joint is indicated by the arrow?

Answer 61

Coracohumeral ligament

Question 62

Name the components of the shoulder girdle

Answer 62

The scapula, the clavicle, the proximal humerus and the supporting muscles including the deltoid and the muscles of the rotator cuff

Question 63

Name the muscles responsible for extension of the shoulder joint

Answer 63

Posterior deltoid, latissimus dorsi and teres major

Question 64

What is the lateral (radial) collateral ligament of the elbow?

Answer 64

Originates from the lateral epicondyle of the humerus, blends with the annular ligament of the radius

Question 65

Name the muscles responsible for flexion of the shoulder joint

Answer 65

Pectoralis major, anterior deltoid and coracobrachialis, biceps brachii weakly assists

Question 66

What is the function of the metacarpophalangeal joint?

Answer 66

Permit all movements except opposition between the metacarpals and proximal phalanges

Question 67

Where is the subacromial bursa of the shoulder located?

Answer 67

Deep to the deltoid and acromion, and superficial to the supraspinatus tendon and joint capsule

Question 68

Where is the subcutaneous bursa of the elbow located?

Answer 68

Between the olecranon and the overlying connective tissue

Question 69

What type of joint is the shoulder joint?

Answer 69

Ball and socket synovial joint