Anatomy of the pulmonary system Flashcards
1
Q
Formation of the lungs
A
- Begins during 3rd-4th week of fetal development but continue postnatal
- lung buds become the right and left lung
- Surfactant: lipoprotein that keeps the alveoli open by decreasing surface tension
- Alveoli are not fully formed until later in fetal development and into 8 years of age
2
Q
Anatomy of the right lung - lobes
A
- 3 lobes - upper lobe, middle lobe, lower lobe
- Divided by horizontal fissure (between upper and middle) and by oblique fissure (middle and lower)
3
Q
Anatomy of the left lung - lobes
A
- 2 lobes - upper and lower
- Divided by oblique fissure (upper and lower)
- Lingual lobe: would be the middle lobe of the left lung but it becomes part of the upper lobe
4
Q
What are the segments of the lung
A
- each lobe is divided into segments
5
Q
What is the root or the hilum
A
- region on the medial surface of the lungs where structures enter the lung
- bronchi , pulmonary veins, pulmonary artery
6
Q
Pleural space
A
- Double walled fibrous sac that surrounds the lung
- 2 layers
1. Parietal: attaches to the thoracic cavity and does what the ribs do (Ribs expand and so does this
Posture can affect)
2. Visceral: attaches to the organ - Pleural space contains lubricating fluid to prevent fluid and maintain negative pressure
- Negative pressure is less than atmospheric pressure which keeps the lungs inflated
7
Q
Upper respiratory system
A
Nasal cavity
Pharynx
Larynx: vocal cords
8
Q
Lower respiratory system
A
Trachea
Primary bronchi
Lungs
9
Q
Bronchotracheal tree
A
- Trachea
- Right and left main bronchi
- Lobe bronchi
- Bronchopulmonary segments
- Bronchioles
- Respiratory bronchioles
- Alveolar ducts
- Alveolar sacs
10
Q
Conducting zone
A
- trachea
- bronchi
- bronchioles
11
Q
Trachea anatomy
A
- One
- Has cilia
- Has smooth muscle and cartilage (provide structure)
12
Q
Bronchi anatomy
A
- 2, 4, 8 (number)
- Has cilia
- Has smooth muscle
- Some cartilage
13
Q
Bronchioles anatomy
A
- Has cilia
- Has smooth muscle
- No cartilage
14
Q
Respiratory Zone
A
- Respiratory bronchioles
- alveolar ducts
- alveolar sacs
15
Q
respiratory bronchioles: anatomy
A
- Some cilia
- Some smooth muscle
- No cartilage
