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Anatomy Exam 2 > Anatomy (Lungs) > Flashcards

Anatomy (Lungs) Flashcards

1
Q

Visceral vs Parietal Pleura

A

Visceral - Layer around lung with afferent innervation

Parietal - Layer on superficial portion of pleural cavity

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2
Q

Regions of Parietal Pleura

A

Cervical - Top portion

Costal - Rib side

Diaphragmatic - Bottom portion

Mediastinal - Axial side

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3
Q

Two Pleural Recesses

A
  1. Costodiaphragmatic - lowest point in pleural cavity where fluid is removed
  2. Costomediastinal
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4
Q

Collapsed Lung

A
  • Too much air or fluid in pleural cavity breaks surface tension the two pleuras
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5
Q

Open vs Closed Pneumothorax

A

Open - thorax surface open to external environment and usually caused by puncture wound

Closed - thorax surface not open to external environment and usually caused by disease or cancer

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6
Q

Tension Pneumothorax

A
  • hole in thorax allows extra air to get into lung during inhalation but not out during exhalation
  • can overfill and compress/damage other lung too
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7
Q

Bronchopulmonary Segments

A
  • Arteries are intrasegmental (inside branches)
  • Veins are intersegmental (between segments)
  • Diseases are often localized in segments
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8
Q

Pulmonary Plexus Fibers

A
  • Postganglionic sympathetic fibers
  • Preganglionic parasympathetic fibers from Vagus nerve
  • Visceral afferent fibers
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9
Q

Sympathetic vs Parasympathetic Stimulation of Lungs

A

Sympathetic - bronchodilation & inhibition of bronchial secretions

Parasympathetic - bronchoconstriction & increases bronchial secretion

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10
Q

Parietal Plexus Innervation

A
  • intercostal nerves
  • phrenic nerves
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11
Q

Lower Respiratory System

A
  • Develops from cranial foregut
  • Contains larynx, trachea, bronchi, & lungs
  • Cartilaginous, muscular, and connective tissue of trachea and lungs are dervived from splanchnic mesoderm
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12
Q

Blind Ending In Proximal Esophagus In Infant

A
  • Results in esophageal atresia & polyhydramnios (too much amniotic fluid)
  • Infant can’t swallow enough amniotic fluid to get in out of the amniotic cavity
  • Clinical signs include gagging after swallowing a liquid
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13
Q

VACTERL Association

A
  • Vertebral anomalies
  • Anal atresia
  • Cardiovascular anomalies
  • Tracheoesophageal fistula
  • Esophageal atresia
  • Renal anomalies
  • Limb defects
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14
Q

Respiratory Distress Syndrome

A
  • Deficiency or absence of surfactant in infants
  • Give mother corticosteroids
  • Give infant surfactant replacement therapy after birth
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15
Q

Right Lung Segment Mnemonic

A

“All People Are Late Meeting Someone MALP”

  1. Apical
  2. Posterior
  3. Anterior
  4. Lateral
  5. Medial
  6. Superior
  7. Medial Basal
  8. Anterior Basal
  9. Lateral Basal
  10. Posterior Basal
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16
Q

Left Lung Segment Mnemonic

A

“All People Are Shy In Stores MALP”

  1. Apico-Posterior
  2. Apico-Posterior
  3. Anterior
  4. Superior Lingular
  5. Inferior Lingular
  6. Superior
  7. Medial Basal
  8. Anterior Basal
  9. Lateral Basal
  10. Posterior Basal

Anatomy Exam 2 (15 decks)

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