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Anatomy Exam 2 > Anatomy (Abdomen) > Flashcards

Anatomy (Abdomen) Flashcards

1
Q

Regions of Abdomen (9)

A

E U P, LH LL LI, RH RL RI

  1. Epigastric
  2. Umbilical
  3. Pubic
  4. Left hypochondriac
  5. Left lateral (lumbar)
  6. Left inguinal
  7. Right hypochondriac
  8. Right lateral (lumbar)
  9. Right inguinal
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2
Q

Actions of Anterolateral Abdominal Wall Muscles (4)

A

1) support and compress viscera
2) flex vertebral column with bilateral contraction
3) lateral flexion of vertebral column with unilateral contraction
4) rotation of trunk when internal abdominal oblique and contralateral external abdominal oblique contract simultaneously

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3
Q

What disappears below the Arcuate Line?

A

Posterior Rectus Sheath

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4
Q

Broad Ligament

A

Parietal Peritoneum drapping pelvis in women

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5
Q

Functions of Peritoneum (3)

A
  1. reduces friction to facilitate free movement
  2. resists infection by exuding fluid and cells to fight off infection
  3. stores fat
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6
Q

Abdominopelvic Fascia Location and Names

A

Superficial to peritoneum

Superior - diaphragmatic fascia

Anterior - transversalis fascia

Posterior - quadratus lumborum fascia

Inferior - pelvic fascia

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7
Q

Location of Abdominal & Lymph Vessels, and Nerves

A

Inside fascial lining - blood & lymph vessels

Outside fascial lining - nerves

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8
Q

Superior & Inferior Epigastric Arteries Arise From Where?

A

Superior Epigastric - Internal thoracic artery from subclavian artery

Inferior Epigastric - External iliac artery

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9
Q

Ligamentum Teres Hepatis Originates From What?

A

Obliterated umbilical vein

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10
Q

Peritoneum-Covered Umbilical Folds (3)

A

Median (1) - Urachus

Medial (2) - Obliterated umbilical artery

Lateral (2) - Inferior epigastric artery & vein

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11
Q

Mesentery

A
  • A double layer of peritoneum that is neither parietal nor visceral peritoneum
  • It is a region of continuity between the visceral and parietal peritoneum
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12
Q

Spermatic Cord Contents (6)

A
  • Testicular artery
  • Pampinformplexus of veins (converge as the testicular veins)
  • Ductus deferens (transporting sperm from the epididymus)
  • Genital branch of genitofemoral nerve
  • Lymphatics
  • Vestige of processus vaginalis
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13
Q

Gubernaculum

A
  • Guides testis into scrotum
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14
Q

Mnumonic For Layers To Testis

A

“Some Darn Englishman Called It The Testilce”

  • Skin
  • Dartos
  • External spermatic fascia
  • Cremaster muscle
  • Internal spermatic fascia
  • Tunica vaginalis (parietal)
  • Tunica vaginalis (visceral)
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15
Q

Hydrocele

A

Excess fluid in a persistent processus vaginalis

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16
Q

Clinical Significance of inguinal Triangle

A

Common site for abdominal hernia to push into anterior abdominal wall

17
Q

Direct vs. Indirect Inguinal Hernia

A

Direct - hernaition through local weakness in abdominal wall and only traverses the superficial inguinal ring

Indirect - herniation of the abdominal contents through the deep inguinal ring, inguinal canal, & superficial inguinal ring into the anterolateral wall and follows spermatic cord

18
Q

Inguinal vs. Femoral Hernia

A

Inguinal - superior & medial to pubic tubericle

Femoral - inferior & lateral to pubic tubericle

19
Q

Abdominal Hernia Types (4)

A
  • Umbilical (especially in babies)
  • Epigastric
  • Semilunar
  • Incisional
20
Q

Tubular Gastrointestinal Tract (13)

A

Mouth, Pharynx, Esophagus, Stomach, Duodenum, Jejunum, Ileum, Ascending colon, Transverse colon, Descending colon, Sigmoid colon, Rectum, Anus

21
Q

Accessory Organs of Digestive System

A
  • Salivary glands
  • Liver
  • Gallbladder
  • Pancreas
22
Q

Bare Area of Liver

A
  • Not covered by peritoneum
  • Common area for infection spreading
23
Q

Spleen (3)

A
  • Recylcles old red bloof cells
  • Suscepitble to damage by blow to left abdomen
  • If it ruptures there will be lots of bleeding
24
Q

Hiatal Hernia

A
  • Cardiac portion of stomach moves into the thorax via esophageal hiatus in diaphragm
25
Q

Peptic Ulcers

A
  • Breach in mucosal lining due to stomach acid
26
Q

Gastric Carcinoma

A
  • Malignant cells in lining of stomach lining
27
Q

Gall Stones

A
  • Concretions of bile in gallbladder
28
Q

Biliary Tree

A
  • System of ducts that drain the bile produced by the liver to the to the gallbladder for storage and to the duodenum to enter the digestive tract
29
Q

Surface Area in Small Intestine

A
  • More in Jejunum and less in Ileum
  • More nutrients avaliable in food in first part of small intestine compared to last
30
Q

Formation & Purpose of Haustra

A

Formation - bunched up portions of colon due to shorter Taeniae Coli causing it to gather

Purpose - increases surface area to maximize water absorbtion from feces

31
Q

Portacaval Anastamoses

A
  • Sites that allows venous drainage back to inferior vena cava and hepatic portal
  • Occurs when blood return through liver becomes obstructed

Anatomy Exam 2 (15 decks)

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