Anatomy Dissection 4

Question 1

What bounds the popliteal fossa?

Answer 1

Superomedially = semitendinosus and semimembranosus
Biceps femoris = superolaterally
inferiorly = medial and lateral heads of gastrocnemius

Question 2

What vein ends in the popliteal fossa by passing through the deep fascia (popliteal) in the medial plane of the limb to drain into the popliteal vein?

Answer 2

Small saphenous vein

Question 3

In the medial plane of popliteal fossa, from superficial to deep, lie what?

Answer 3

Tibial nerve
Popliteal vein
Popliteal artery

Question 4

Where are popliteal lymph nodes located?

Answer 4

Along the popliteal vein in the fossa

Question 5

What does the common fibular nerve skirt?

Answer 5

Lateral border of fossa, deep to biceps femoris tendon

Question 6

What does the common fibular nerve leave the popliteal fossa between?

Answer 6

biceps femoris tendon and lateral head of gastrocnemius to reach the fibular neck

Question 7

Where are sural nerves located?

Answer 7

Within region of popliteal fossa (mainly superficial fascia)

Question 8

What do the sural nerves supply?

Answer 8

Skin and fascia on posterolateral aspect of leg and foot

Question 9

What do the tibial and common fibular nerves each give rise to?

Answer 9

A sural cutaneous branch - the medial sural cutaneous nerve *(from tibial nerve) and lateral sural cutaneous nerve (from common fibular)

Question 10

What do the medial sural cutaneous nerve and fibres in the communicating branch combine to form?

Answer 10

The sural nerve

Question 11

What does the sural nerve leave the fossa alongside?

Answer 11

Small saphenous vein

Question 12

In the popliteal fossa, what does the tibial nerve give branches to

Answer 12

Both heads of gastrocnemius and small plantaris muscle + popliteus muscle

Question 13

What does the plantaris muscle lie deep to and what does its tendon combine with?

Answer 13

Lateral head of gastrocnemius and combines inferiorly with achilles tendon

Question 14

What nerve is vulnerable to compression injury against the neck of the fibula?

Answer 14

cOMMON FIBULAR NERVE

Question 15

When feeling for popliteal pulse - what angle should the knee be flexed at?

Answer 15

30

Question 16

Name four superficial muscles in posterior leg?

Answer 16

1. Gastrocnemius
2. Soleus
3. Plantaris
4. Popliteus

Question 17

What are the three deep muscles in posterior leg?

Answer 17

1. Flexor hallucis longus
2. Flexor digitorum longus
3. Tibialis posterior

Question 18

What do muscles of deep posterior leg mainly do?

Answer 18

Plantar flex ankles and toes. TP also assists TA with inversion of foot

Question 19

What are all muscles of posterior leg supplied by (nerve)?

Answer 19

Tibial nerve

Question 20

From anterior to posterior, what structures leave the posterior compartment to reach the sole of the foot by passing posterior to the medial malleolus and deep to the flexor retinaculum?

Answer 20

1. Tibialis posterior
2. Flexor digitorum longus
3. Posterior tibial artery
4. Tibial nerve
5. Flexor hallucis longus

Question 21

What do both heads of gastrocnemius attach distally to?

Answer 21

Calcaneus via the achilles tendon

Question 22

What do the heads of gastrocnemius attach to proximally?

Answer 22

Their respective femoral condyle

Question 23

What does soleus attach proximally to?

Answer 23

Neck of fibula and soleal line of tibia

Question 24

Distally, what does soleus attach to?

Answer 24

Calcaneus via achilles tendon

Question 25

What does the popliteal artery divide into?

Answer 25

Anterior and posterior tibial arteries

Question 26

What is the fibular artery a branch of?

Answer 26

Posterior tibial artery

Question 27

What does the anterior tibial artery pierce to supply the anterior compartment of leg?

Answer 27

interosseous membrane

Question 28

What does posterior tibial artery run with?

Answer 28

Tibial nerve

Question 29

What does the posterior tibial artery leave the compartment by passing posterior and deep to?

Answer 29

Posterior to medial malleolus

Deep to flexor retinaculum

Question 30

In the foot, what does the poserior tibial artery terminate by dividing into?

Answer 30

Medial and lateral planter arteries

Question 31

What does the fibular artery supply?

Answer 31

Lateral compartment of leg

Question 32

Where do all three muscles of posterior leg attach proximally to?

Answer 32

Tibia, mid-shaft of fibula and the interosseous membrane.

Question 33

The tendons of all three deep muscles of the posterior leg pass into the sole of the foot to attach to what?

Answer 33

Medial tarsal bones
Distal phalanges of lateral four toes
Distal phalanx of great toes