Anatomy Dissection 4 Flashcards
What bounds the popliteal fossa?
Superomedially = semitendinosus and semimembranosus
Biceps femoris = superolaterally
inferiorly = medial and lateral heads of gastrocnemius
What vein ends in the popliteal fossa by passing through the deep fascia (popliteal) in the medial plane of the limb to drain into the popliteal vein?
Small saphenous vein
In the medial plane of popliteal fossa, from superficial to deep, lie what?
Tibial nerve
Popliteal vein
Popliteal artery
Where are popliteal lymph nodes located?
Along the popliteal vein in the fossa
What does the common fibular nerve skirt?
Lateral border of fossa, deep to biceps femoris tendon
What does the common fibular nerve leave the popliteal fossa between?
biceps femoris tendon and lateral head of gastrocnemius to reach the fibular neck
Where are sural nerves located?
Within region of popliteal fossa (mainly superficial fascia)
What do the sural nerves supply?
Skin and fascia on posterolateral aspect of leg and foot
What do the tibial and common fibular nerves each give rise to?
A sural cutaneous branch - the medial sural cutaneous nerve *(from tibial nerve) and lateral sural cutaneous nerve (from common fibular)
What do the medial sural cutaneous nerve and fibres in the communicating branch combine to form?
The sural nerve
What does the sural nerve leave the fossa alongside?
Small saphenous vein
In the popliteal fossa, what does the tibial nerve give branches to
Both heads of gastrocnemius and small plantaris muscle + popliteus muscle
What does the plantaris muscle lie deep to and what does its tendon combine with?
Lateral head of gastrocnemius and combines inferiorly with achilles tendon
What nerve is vulnerable to compression injury against the neck of the fibula?
cOMMON FIBULAR NERVE
When feeling for popliteal pulse - what angle should the knee be flexed at?
30
Name four superficial muscles in posterior leg?
- Gastrocnemius
- Soleus
- Plantaris
- Popliteus
What are the three deep muscles in posterior leg?
- Flexor hallucis longus
- Flexor digitorum longus
- Tibialis posterior
What do muscles of deep posterior leg mainly do?
Plantar flex ankles and toes. TP also assists TA with inversion of foot
What are all muscles of posterior leg supplied by (nerve)?
Tibial nerve
From anterior to posterior, what structures leave the posterior compartment to reach the sole of the foot by passing posterior to the medial malleolus and deep to the flexor retinaculum?
- Tibialis posterior
- Flexor digitorum longus
- Posterior tibial artery
- Tibial nerve
- Flexor hallucis longus
What do both heads of gastrocnemius attach distally to?
Calcaneus via the achilles tendon
What do the heads of gastrocnemius attach to proximally?
Their respective femoral condyle
What does soleus attach proximally to?
Neck of fibula and soleal line of tibia
Distally, what does soleus attach to?
Calcaneus via achilles tendon
What does the popliteal artery divide into?
Anterior and posterior tibial arteries
What is the fibular artery a branch of?
Posterior tibial artery
What does the anterior tibial artery pierce to supply the anterior compartment of leg?
interosseous membrane
What does posterior tibial artery run with?
Tibial nerve
What does the posterior tibial artery leave the compartment by passing posterior and deep to?
Posterior to medial malleolus
Deep to flexor retinaculum
In the foot, what does the poserior tibial artery terminate by dividing into?
Medial and lateral planter arteries
What does the fibular artery supply?
Lateral compartment of leg
Where do all three muscles of posterior leg attach proximally to?
Tibia, mid-shaft of fibula and the interosseous membrane.
The tendons of all three deep muscles of the posterior leg pass into the sole of the foot to attach to what?
Medial tarsal bones
Distal phalanges of lateral four toes
Distal phalanx of great toes
