Anatomy Dissection 1 Flashcards
What are the borders of the femoral triangle?
Inguinal ligament superiorly
Sartorius laterally
Adductor longus medially
What two structures make up the floor of the femoral triangle?
Iliopsoas laterally
Pectineus medially
From lateral to medial - what does the femoral traingle contain?
Nerve, artery, vein and canal
What is contained in the femoral canal?
Deep inguinal lymph nodes - also location of femoral hernia
What does the femoral sheath contain?
Femoral artery and vein
What is a short tube of transversalis and iliopsoas fascia from the abdominal wall which surrounds the most proximal parts of femoral artery and vein?
Femoral sheath
What does the femoral sheath not contain?
Femoral nerve
Where is the femoral nerve (L2 - L4) formed?
In the lumbar plexus
What nerve branches from the femoral nerve to leave the adductor canal distally by passing between sartorius and gracilis?
Saphenous nerve
What nerve supplies the fascia and skin of the anteromedial aspects of the knee and leg and the medial aspect of the foot?
Saphenous nerve
What arteries supply the majority of blood to the head of femur through their retinacular branches, which pass superiorly in relation to the femoral neck and capsule of hip joint?
Medial and lateral circumflex arteries
Where do medial and lateral circumflex arteries emerge from?
Profunda femoris
What is the inferior border of the external oblique aponeurosis?
Inguinal ligament
What does the inguinal ligament run between?
ASIS and pubic tubercle
What do the muscles of the anterior thigh mainly act to doi?
Flex at hip and extend at knee
What are the proximal attachments of iliopsoas?
Iliac fossa (iliacus) and lumbar transverse processes/IV discs (psoas major)
What are the distal attachments of iliopsoas?
Lesser trochanter of femur
What is the action of iliopsoas muscle?
Flexion at hip
What is the nerve supply to iliopsoas?
Anterior rami of lumbar spinal nerves
What is proximal and distal attachement of sartorius?
ASIS - proximal
Medial surface of proximal tibia - distal
What is the action of sartorius?
Flexion at hip and knee
What nerve supplies sartirius?
Femoral nerve
What are the four quadriceps femoris muscles?
Rectus femoris
Vastus lateralis
Vastus intermedius
Vastus medius
What is the proximal and distal attachment of Rectus femoris?
ASIS
Patella then tibial tuberosity
What is the proximal and distal attachments of vastus lateralis?
Shaft of femur
Patella then tibial tuberosity
What is the proximal and distal attachments of vastus intermedius?
Shaft of femur
Patella then tibial tuberosity
What is the proximal and distal attachments of vastus medius?
Shaft of femur
Patella then tibial tuberosity
What is the action of quadriceps femoris?
Extension of knee
What nerve supplies quadriceps femoris?
Femoral nerve
What are the four medial thigh muscles?
Gracilis
Adductor brevis
Adductor longus
Adductor magnus
What medial thigh muscle has adductor and hamstring part?
Adductor magnus
What is the most medial adductor muscle?
Gracilis - only hamstring to cross knee joint in addition to hip joint
What function does gracilis have?
Weak flexor of kneeq
What two adductor muscles lie anterior to adductor magnus?
Brevis nad longus
Which adductor muscle lies superior to adductor longus/
Adductor brevisq
What are the proximal attachemtns of adductor muscles?
Pubis, ischiopiubis ramus or ischial tuberosity (hamstring part of adductor magnus)
What are the distal attachments for adductor muscles?
Posterior surface of shaft of the femur along the linea aspera, or adductor tubercle of tibia (adductor part of adductor magnus)
What are all the muscles of medial thigh innervated by except hamstring part of adductor magnus?
Obturator nerve Lā-L$
What is the adductor magnus hamstring part innervated by?
Tibial nerve
At the upper border of adductor brevis what does obturator nerve divide into?
Anterior and posterior branches
Name 3 sensory innervations of the thigh?
- Anterior cutaneous nerve of thigh (L2-L4)
- Lateral cutaneous nerve of thigh (L2-L3)
- Cutaneous branch of obturator nerve (L2-L4)
Where does lymph following great saphenous vein drain to?
Superficial inguinal lymph nodes
Where does lymph from superficial inguinal nodes drain to?
External iliac nodes
What is the path of lymph following small saphenous vein?
Drains into popliteal lymph nodes then deep inguinal nodes
