Anatomy and Physiology 2

Question 1

Lewy Body

Answer 1

alpha-synuclein, an intracellular eosinophilic inclusion

Parkinson Disease

Question 2

Loss of Substantia Nigra Pars Compacta

Answer 2

Parkinson Disease

Question 3

Pill rolling tremor

Answer 3

Tremor at rest, Parkinson

Question 4

Cogwheel Rigidity

Answer 4

Parkinson

Question 5

Shuffling gait and expressionless face

Answer 5

Parkinson

Question 6

Akinesia

Answer 6

Parkinson

Question 7

D1 in Striatum

Answer 7

Increases stimulation to Cortex

Question 8

CAG repeats in Chromosome 4

Answer 8

Huntington Disease

Question 9

Decreased levels of GABA and ACh in the brain

Answer 9

Huntington Disease

Question 10

Atrophy of Caudate Nucleus

Answer 10

Huntington Disease

Question 11

Choreiform movements, aggression, depression, and dementia

Answer 11

Huntington Disease

Question 12

Sudden, wild flailing of 1 arm +/- IL leg

Answer 12

Hemiballismus

Question 13

Sudden, jerky, purposefuless movements

Answer 13

Chorea

Question 14

Slow, writhing movements; esp seen in fingers

Answer 14

Athetosis

Question 15

Sudden, brief, uncontrolled muscle contraction

Answer 15

Myoclonus

Question 16

Sustained, Involuntary Muscle Contractions

Answer 16

Dystonia

Question 17

Writer’s cramp

Answer 17

Dystonia

Question 18

Sustained eye twitch

Answer 18

Blepharospasm, Dystonia

Question 19

Action tremor; exacerbated by holding posture/limb position

Answer 19

Essential Tremor (postural tremor)

Question 20

jerks; hiccups

Answer 20

Myoclonus

Question 21

Can get better with EtOH

Answer 21

Essential Tremor (postural tremor)

Question 22

Tx of Essential Tremor

Answer 22

Beta-blockers, Primidone

Question 23

Uncontrolled movement of distal appendages; tremor alleviated by intentional movement

Answer 23

resting tremor, Parkinson

Question 24

Slow, Zigzag motion when pointing/extending toward a target

Answer 24

Intention tremor (cerebellar dysfx)

Question 25

Cause of hemiballismus

Answer 25

CL subthalamic nucleus (lacunar stroke)

Question 26

Kluver-Bucy Syndrome

Answer 26

hyperorality, hypersexuality, disinhibited behavior

BL amygdala lesion; associated with HSV-1

Question 27

Disinhibition and deficits in conc, orientation, and judgment, may have emergence of primitive reflexes

Answer 27

Frontal Lobe Lesion

Question 28

Spatial neglect syndrome (agnosia of CL side of the world)

Answer 28

Right Parietal-Temporal Cx

Question 29

Agraphia, Acalculia, finger agnosia and left-right disorientation

Answer 29

Left Parietal-Temporal Cx

Question 30

Reduced levels of arousal and wakefulness (coma)

Answer 30

Reticular Activating System (midbrain)

Question 31

Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome Symptoms

Answer 31

Confusion, Ophthalmoplegia, Ataxia, memory loss, confabulation, personality changes
Mamillary Bodies

Question 32

May result in tremor at rest, chorea or athetosis

Answer 32

Basal Ganglia Lesion

Question 33

Lesion to Cerebellar Vermis

Answer 33

Truncal ataxia, dysarthria

Question 34

Lesion of Subthalamic Nucleus

Answer 34

CL hemiballismus

Question 35

Paramedian Pontine Reticular Formation Lesion

Answer 35

Eyes look away from side of lesion

Question 36

Frontal Eye Field Lesions

Answer 36

Eyes look toward lesion

Question 37

Correcting serum sodium from low to high too fast

Answer 37

Pons will die (central pontine myelinolysis)

Question 38

Correcting serum sodium from high to low too fast

Answer 38

Your brain will blow, cerebral edema/herniation

Question 39

Locked-in syndrome

Answer 39

acute paralysis, dysarthria, dysphagia, diplopia and LOC

from massive axonal demyelination in pontine white matter

Question 40

Only a bajillion more

Answer 40

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