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VCE VET Allied Health Flashcards © > Anatomical Concepts > Flashcards

Anatomical Concepts Flashcards

1
Q

Describe anatomical position and what it is used for

A
  • Standard reference position that directional terms are based on
  • Standing upright, feet shoulder width apart, palms facing forward, arms by side
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2
Q

Anterior

A

Towards the front of the body

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3
Q

Posterior

A

Towards the back of the body

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4
Q

Lateral

A

Away from the midline of the body

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5
Q

Medial

A

Towards the midline of the body

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6
Q

Distal

A

Further from the origin of a limb or other structure

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7
Q

Proximal

A

Closer to the origin of a limb or other structure

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8
Q

Superficial

A

Closer to the surface of the skin

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9
Q

Deep

A

Further from the surface of the skin

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10
Q

Superior

A

Above

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11
Q

Inferior

A

Below

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12
Q

Cranial

A

Towards the cranium (skull)

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13
Q

Caudal

A

Towards the ‘tail’ (lower back area)

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14
Q

Rostral

A

Closer to the ‘front beak’ (nose)

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15
Q

Occipital

A

Closer to the back of the head

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16
Q

Plantar

A

Pertaining to the plantar surface (underside) of the foot

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17
Q

Palmar

A

Pertaining to the palm of the hand

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18
Q

Internal

A

Inside

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19
Q

External

A

Outside

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20
Q

Dorsal

A

Closer to the back of the body

21
Q

Ventral

A

Closer to the belly

22
Q

Bilateral

A

Affecting a paired structure on both sides of the body

23
Q

Unilateral

A

Affecting a paired structure on just one side of the body

24
Q

Ipsilateral

A

Affecting a structure on the same side of the body

25
Q

Contralateral

A

Affecting a structure on the opposite side of the body

26
Q

Prone

A

Lying face down

27
Q

Supine

A

Lying face up

28
Q

Frontal (coronal) plane

A

A vertical plane that divides the body into anterior (front) and posterior (back) portions

29
Q

Sagittal (lateral) plane

A

A vertical plane that divides the body into right and left portions

30
Q

Transverse (axial) plane

A

A horizontal plane that divides the body into superior (upper) and inferior (lower) portions, creating a cross section

31
Q

Flexion

A

Bending of a limb or joint, reducing the joint angle

32
Q

Extension

A

Straightening of a limb or joint, increasing the joint angle

33
Q

Abduction

A

Moving a body part away from the midline of the body

34
Q

Adduction

A

Moving a body part towards the midline of the body

35
Q

Circumduction

A

Movement of a body part around a joint in a circular motion

36
Q

Rotation

A

When a bone or limb pivots around a joint

37
Q

Inversion

A

Rotation of the sole of the foot inwards

38
Q

Eversion

A

Rotating the sole of the foot outward

39
Q

Protraction

A

Movement of a body part in an anterior direction, only occurring at the scapula (shoulder blade) and mandible (lower jaw)

40
Q

Retraction

A

Movement of a body part in a posterior direction, only occurring at the scapula (shoulder blade) and mandible (lower jaw)

41
Q

Dorsiflexion

A

Pointing the toes upwards, towards the dorsum of the foot

42
Q

Plantar flexion

A

Pointing the toes downwards, towards the plantar surface (underside) of the foot

43
Q

Elevation

A

Movement in a superior direction

44
Q

Depression

A

Movement in an inferior direction

45
Q

Pronation

A
  • Rotation of the forearm or foot so that the palmar or plantar surface points downwards or backwards
  • Mostly occurs at the forearm
46
Q

Supination

A
  • Rotation of the forearm or foot so that the palmar or plantar surface points upwards or forwards
  • Mostly occurs at the forearm
47
Q

Later/o
Caud/o

A

Side
Tail, towards the lower part of the body

48
Q

Dors/i,o
Poster/o

A

Back (of the body)

49
Q

Sinister/o
Dextr/o

A

Left
Right

VCE VET Allied Health Flashcards © (25 decks)

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