ANAT: Pectoral and Shoulder Flashcards by Caitlin Rodeghier

Bones of pectoral girdle

Clavicle, Scapula, Humerus

*Accessory include: Sternum, ribs, glenohumeral joint

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Pectoral girdle

Bony ring formed by the scapula and the clavicle

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Teres major m. ORIGIN

Posterior side of scapula, near inferior angle

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Teres major m. INSERTION

medial lip of the intertubercular groove, near the insertion of the latissimus dorsi (anterior, superior part of the humeral shaft)

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Teres major m. INNERVATION

lower subscapular n.

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Teres major m. BLOOD

subscapular a.

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Teres major m. ACTION

extension, aDduction, and medial rotation of the humerus (same actions on the humerus/glenohumeral joint as latissimus dorsi)

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Deltoid m. ORIGIN

Lateral 1/3 of clavicle, acromion, and spine of scapula; similar to insertion of trapezius

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Deltoid m. INSERTION

deltoid tuberosity of humerus

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Deltoid m. INNERVATION

Axillary n. (also supplies skin over deltoid)

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Deltoid m. BLOOD

Posterior circumflex humeral a.

- courses with the axillary n. in the quadrangular space

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Deltoid m. ACTIONS

Anterior: flexes and medially rotates
Lateral: aBducts
Posterior: extends and laterally rotates

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Synovial Bursa

between the greater tubercle of the humerus, the deltoid m. and the acromion
*Flat sac of synovial membrane, lubricates motion

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Rotator cuff muscles

Subscapularis m.
Supraspinatus m.
Infraspinatus m.
Teres minor m.

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Subscapularis m. ORIGIN

Subscapular fossa

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Subscapularis m. INSERTION

lesser tubercular of the humerus

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Subscapularis m. INNERVATION

upper and lower subscapular nn.

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Subscapularis m. BLOOD

Subscapular a.

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Subscapularis m. ACTION

medially rotates the humerus (only one!)

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Supraspinatus m. ORIGIN

supraspinous fossa

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Supraspinatus m. INSERTION

superior part of the greater tubercle of the humerus

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Supraspinatus m. INNERVATION

suprascapular n.

-courses through the suprascapular notch and under the transverse scapular ligament

Supraspinatus m. BLOOD

suprascapular a.

-courses OVER the transverse scapular ligament

Supraspinatus m. ACTION

Abducts the humerus

Infraspinatus m. ORIGIN

Infraspinous fossa

Infraspinatus m. INSERTION

Posterior side of the greater tubercle of the humerus

Infraspinatus m. INNERVATION

suprascapular n. | passes between the acromion and neck of scapula

Infraspinatus m. BLOOD

circumflex scapular a.

Infraspinatus m. ACTION

laterally rotates the humerus

Teres minor m. ORIGIN

posterior side of the scapula, near its lateral border, lateral to the origin of teres major m.

Teres minor m. INSERTION

Posterior side of the greater tubercle of the humerus, inferior to the insertion of infraspinatus m.

Teres minor m. INNERVATION

axillary n.

Teres minor m. BLOOD

circumflex scapular a.

Teres minor m. ACTION

laterally rotates humerus

Pectoralis major m. ORIGIN

medial 1/3 of clavicle | sternum and costal cartilage

Pectoralis major m. INSERTION

Lateral lip of intertubercular groove (sulcus)

Pectoralis major m. INNERVATION

lateral and medial pectoral nn.

Pectoralis major m. BLOOD

branches of internal thoracic, lateral thoracic, and thoraco-acromial arteries

Pectoralis major m. ACTION

ADduct and medially rotate the humerus Flexes humerus Flexes and extends humerus, but extends the flexed humerus, depresses and protracts the shoulder girdle by pulling on the humerus.

Pectoralis minor m. ORIGIN

Ribs 3, 4, 5 near costochondral junction

Pectoralis minor m. INSERTION

Coracoid process of scapula

Pectoralis minor m. INNERVATION

medial pectoral n. (penetrates minor m. and then enters major m.)

Pectoralis minor m. BLOOD

lateral thoracic and thoracoacromial aa. (branches of the axillary a.)

Pectoralis minor m. ACTION

depresses and protracts the shoulder girdle, helps with inferior rotation of scapula

Subclavius m. ORIGIN

first costal cartilage

Subclavius m. INSERTION

inferior side of the clavicle

Subclavius m. INNERVATION

Nerve to subclavius (small branch of brachial plexus)

Subclavius m. ACTION

Depresses clavicle and resists lateral dislocation of the clavicle *Clinically: can act in "splinting" a fractured clavicle, as well as play a role in the protection of nerves and arteries that run inferior to the clavicle through the axillary region

Serratus Anterior m. ORIGIN

First 8-9 ribs, laterally

Serratus anterior m. INSERTION

Anterior (deep) side of scapula, along entire medial border

Serratus anterior m. INNERVATION

Long thoracic n.

Serratus anterior m. BLOOD

Subscapular and lateral thoracic aa. (branches of axillary a) and lateral branches of the posterior intercostal aa.

Serratus anterior m. ACTIONS

Protracts the shoulder girdle by pulling scapula anteriorly Hold scapula against rib cage Rotates scapula superiorly during abduction of the arm by pulling inferior angle anteriorly. *Clinically: denervation of the serratus anterior m. results in "winging of the scapula" when patient tries to push anteriorly or flex glenohumeral joint