anaemia, approach to management

Question 1

classify anaemia?

Answer 1

DECREASED PRODUCTION
hypoprolferative - reduced amount of erythropoesis
maturation anomaly - cytoplamic defects (impaired haemoglobinisation)
nuclear defects - impaired cell division

INCREASED LOSS OR DESTRUCTION OF RED CELLS
bleeding
haemolysis

Question 2

reticulocyte

Answer 2

no nucleus, still has remnants of protein making machinery (rRNA) giving it a purple colour
larger than a mature red cell
loses these features after a few days in the circulation
reticulocytes can be counted

Question 3

if bone marrow is functioning properly, what should happen to retake count in anaemia?

Answer 3

it should increase

Question 4

normal marrow can increase production of RBC by 3-4 fold

Answer 4

y

Question 5

anaemia with a low retake count is partly due to?

Answer 5

impaired red cell production

Question 6

if red cell destruction was increased, you would see?

Answer 6

evidence of marrow compensatory response
increased bilirubin
anaemia + jaundice, sometimes with splenomegaly

Question 7

red cell breakdown - which cells involved in conjugating bilirubin?

Answer 7

glucuronides

Question 8

in chronic disaease, increased levels of hepcidin (inhibits ferroportin) and increased ferritin. leads to iron being held in macrophages

Answer 8

y

Question 9

how is bilirubin lost in urine?

Answer 9

urobilinogen

Question 10

in haemolytic anaemia look for evidence of red cell breakdown products

Answer 10

.

Question 11

what is cobalamine?

Answer 11

vitamin b12

Question 12

anaemia of chronic disease

Answer 12

a multifactorial process with inflammation a central process.
blunted expo response