Amyl Nitrate

Question 1

Brand Name

Answer 1

Amyl Nitrate (part of old cyanide antidote kit)

Question 2

Drug Class

Answer 2

Antidote

Question 3

Mechanism of Action

Answer 3

Converts hemoglobin to methemoglobin which has higher affinity for cyanide. One bound to it, effectively keeps cyanide from entering other cells in body

Question 4

Indications

Answer 4

Cyanide poisoning along w/ sodium nitrate 300mg and sodium sulfate 12.5mg all work together to form thanocyanide which is readily excreted

Question 5

Contraindications

Answer 5

None

Question 6

Adverse Effects

Answer 6

H/A, dizziness, weakness, increased ICP, SOB, orthostatic hypotension, tachycardia, syncope, cyanosis

Question 7

Precautions

Answer 7

increase hypotensive effects if pt is on antihypertensive meds, phenothiazines, ETOH, or beta blockers

Question 8

Dose and Administration

Answer 8

1-2 ampules crushed and inhaled for 30 sec each min
After sodium nitrate admin, 30 sec each 5 min
Pedi: 1 ampule, same rate