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Chemistry > Alcohols/Phenols > Flashcards

Alcohols/Phenols Flashcards

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1
Q

Phenol Bond length

A

1.39 Aº

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2
Q

R-OH bond length

A

1.42 Aº

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3
Q

Ethanol and 2-alcohols are ______________

A

Iodoform positive

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4
Q

95% alcohol is also called

A

Rectified spirit

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5
Q

99% ethanol is also known as

A

Absolute ethanol

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6
Q

Ethanol (15-25% methanol) is also known as

A

Denatured alcohol

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7
Q

Ethanol is commonly known as

A

Grain spirit / Spirit of wine

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8
Q

Methanol is commonly known as

A

Wood spirit

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9
Q

Dehydration order º alcohols

A

3º > 2º > 1º

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10
Q

Breaking the C-O bond is a

A

Nucleophilic substitution reaction

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11
Q

Breaking the O-H bond in alcohol is

A

Electrophilic substitution

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12
Q

Nucleophilic substitution reactivity in alcohols

A

Tertiary > Secondary > Primary > Methanol

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13
Q

Electrophilic substitution reactivity in alcohols

A

Methanol > Primary > Secondary > Tertiary

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14
Q

Acidity of alcohols order

A

Methanol > Ethanol > Primary > Secondary > Tertiary

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15
Q

R-OH pKa

A

16-18 (less acidic)

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16
Q

Acid strength is directly proportional to

A

Ka / pKa

17
Q

Phenol kPa

A

10

18
Q

H2O pKa

A

12

19
Q

Carboxylic Acid kPa

A

4-6

20
Q

Order of acidity of organic compounds

A

Carboxylic acids > Phenol > Water > Alcohol

21
Q

Matchstick test

A

If fire over test tube, then H2 present so alcohol present

22
Q

What distinguishes between 1º/2º/3º alcohols?

A

Lucas Reagant (Anhydrous ZnCl2 + Concentrated HCl)

23
Q

Lucas Reagant reacts almost instantly with

A

Tertiary alcohols

24
Q

Elimination of ethanol gives (and conditions)

A

Gives ethene (H2SO4 and 170º)

25
Q

Elimination of ROH gives (and conditions)

A

ROR (ether) (H2SO4 and 140º)

26
Q

Primary alcohol on oxidation gives

A

Aldehyde then carboxylic acid on further oxidation

27
Q

Secondary alcohol on oxidation gives

A

Ketone

28
Q

Tertiary alcohol on oxidation gives (conditions)

A

Alkene (drastic conditions (H2SO4 + heat))

29
Q

Phenol containing 5% water is called

A

Carbolic Acid

30
Q

Picric acid

A

Phenol ring with three NO2’s

31
Q

Phenol + NO2 + dil H2SO4

A

Phenol with one NO2 either ortho or para

32
Q

Phenol + NO2 + conc H2SO4

A

Picric acid (Phenol with three NO2’s)

33
Q

Bromination of phenol with polar vs non polar solvent

A

Polar solvent = Phenol ring with three bromines and WHITE PPT
Non polar solvent + Phenol ring with one bromine (ortho or para)

34
Q

Phenol with Br vs with Cl

A

With Br (Polar solvent) = White ppt
With Cl (Polar solvent) = Yellow ppt

35
Q

Oxidation of phenol (and what catalyst)

A

Gives para benzophenone (phenol with Double bond O’s on either sides)
Catalyst used: Cr2O3

Chemistry (17 decks)

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