Alcoholes and carboxylic acids Flashcards
Structure of alcohols and carboxylic acids
Fermentation definition and conditions
making ethanol from sugar, conditions = 37 degrees (prevents denaturing), slightly acidic (prevents denaturing), anaerobic (prevents oxidation), sugar -(yeast)> ethanol + carbon dioxide
Functional group and general rule of alcohols
F - OH, GR - CnH2n+1OH
Functional group and general rule of carboxylic acids
F - COOH, GR - CnH2n+1COOH
Why are carboxylic acids weak acids
they only partially ionise in water
Properties of alcohol
dissolves in water to from a neutral solution, reacts with sodium to produce H2 gas, combust in oxygen releasing energy CO2 H2O, oxidise to form carboxylic acids
Uses of alcohols
fuels, solvents and ethanol (alcoholic drinks)
Properties of carboxylic acids
dissolve in water and partially ionises to form a weak acidic solution, react with carbonates to produces a salt, water and carbon dioxide, reacts with alcohols to produce esters (esterification)
Example of carboxylic acid
ethanoic
How to get from alcohol to carbon dioxide + water
with oxygen = combustion
How to get from alcohol to carboxylic acid
with oxygen = oxidation
How to get from alcohol and carboxylic acid to ester (+ water)
with sulfuric acid = esterification
