Alcohol metabolism Flashcards
What are the consequences of alcohol
Fatty liver
hepatic disease
lactic acidosis
How many kcal/gram are there in alcohol
7kcal/gram
What does the liver convert alcohol into
Ethanol–>acetaldehyde–>acetate
What is produced at each step in alcohol metabolism
1 NADH for each step
What are the three enzyme systems of ethanol oxidation
Alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH)
MEOS
Catalase
What are the two most active enzymes in ethanol oxidation
ADH
MEOS
What is the main enzyme in Ethanol oxidation
ADH
What enzyme oxidizes ethanol once all the ADH is being used
MEOS
Where in liver cells does alcohol dehydrogenase pathway take place
Cytoplasm
What is required for alcohol dehydrogenase pathway
NAD+
What else is MEOS able to oxidize
Fatty acids
Aromatic hydrocarbons
Steroids
Barbituate drugs
What allows us to metabolize ethanol much more effectively
Ethanol in high concentrations causes the production of inducible MEOS enzymes
How is acetaldehyde toxic
1) It attaches covalently to proteins forming protein adduct
2) impedes formation of microtubules in liver cells
3) cause perivenular fibrosis
What is bad about protein adducts
They can impede function of protein
What happens when there is an increase in concentration of NADH
inhibit krebs cycle
Decreased fat burning
Increased FA synthesis
Lactic acidemia
