Aircraft Systems Pt. 3 Flashcards
Oil System up to Cooling System
The oil is located in a sump that is an integral part of the engine
Wet-sump system
The oil is contained in a separate tank and circulated through the engine by pumps
Dry-sump system
This draws oil from the sump and routes it to the engine
Oil pump
State the oil system components
- Oil pump
- Oil sump
- Oil Screens and Filters
- Oil Cooler
- Oil Pressure and Temperature Gauges
The pump draws oil from the sump and routes it to the engine
Wet-sump system oil pump
After oil is routed through the engine, it is pumped from the various locations in the engine back to the oil tank by scavenge pumps
Dry-sump system oil pump
This is a metal dish which covers the bottom of the engine block, and holds the engine oil when it is not circulating around the engine. Oil for engine lubrication is supplied from here on the bottom of the engine
Oil Sump
They act as guards to catch contaminants in the oil
Oil Screens and Filters
The purpose of this is to allow the engine’s cooling system to remove excess heat from the oil
Oil Cooler
This provides a direct indication of the oil system operation. It ensures the pressure in pounds per square inch (PSI) of the oil supplied to the engine
Oil pressure gauge
This measures the temperature of oil
Oil temperature gauge
A green area shows the normal operating range, and the red line indicates the ________________________
maximum allowable temperature
This may mean improper oil viscosity during cold weather operations
Low oil temperature
This may signal a clogged oil line, a low oil quantity, a blocked oil cooler, or a defective temperature gauge
High oil temperature
This provides information about the correct oil type and weight, as well as the minimum and maximum oil quantity
POH
Most aircraft are equipped with either a _____________________________ electrical system
14 or a 28-volt direct current (DC)
They supply electric current to the electrical system. They also maintain a sufficient electrical charge in the battery
Engine-driven alternators
These produce sufficient current to operate the entire electrical system, even at slower engine speeds, by producing alternating current (AC), which is converted to DC.
Alternators
What does GPU stand for?
ground power unit
State the eight basic aircraft electrical system components
- Alternator/Generator
- Battery
- Master/ Battery Switch
- Alternator/Generator Switch
- Bus bar, Fuses, and Circuit Breakers
- Voltage Regulator
- Ammeter/Load-meter
- Associated electrical wiring
Turning this to the ON position provides electrical energy to all the electrical equipment circuits except the ignition system
Master Switch
This generator electric current based on the principle of magnetic induction
Alternator
Electrical energy stored here provides a source of electrical power for starting the engine and a limited supply of electrical power for use in the event the alternator or generator fails
Battery
Alternators have an electromagnet called a ________ that spins inside multiple windings of a conductor called a _________.
rotor, stator
This is used as a terminal in the aircraft electrical system to connect the main electrical system to the equipment using electricity as a source of power
Bus Bar
This simplifies the wiring system and provides a common point from which voltage can be distributed throughout the system
Bus Bar
These are used in the electrical system to protect the circuits and equipment from electrical overload
Fuses or circuit breakers
These have the same function as a fuse but can be manually reset, rather than replaced, if an overload condition occurs in the electrical system
Circuit breakers
This is used to monitor the performance of the aircraft electrical system. This shows if the alternator/ generator is producing an adequate supply of electrical power
Ammeter
These are designed with a zero point in the center of the face and a negative or positive indication on either side
Ammeters
This type of gauge has a scale beginning with zero and shows the load being placed on the alternator/generator.
This reflects the total percentage of the load placed on the generating capacity of the electrical system by the electrical accessories and battery
Loadmeter
This controls the rate of charge to the battery by stabilizing the generator or alternator electrical output
Voltage regulator
This controls power to all circuits, except the ignition system, clock, and flight hour recorder (recorded through an oil pressure switch)
Master switch
This is a rotating airfoil, subject to induced drag, stalls, and other aerodynamic principles that apply to any airfoil. It provides the necessary thrust to pull, or in some cases push, the aircraft through the air
Propeller
True or False. The highest pitch is at the hub while the smallest pitch is at the tip.
True
This is a propeller with fixed blade angles and the pitch of this propeller is set by the manufacturer and cannot be changed
Fixed-Pitch Propeller
State the two types of fixed-pitch propellers
Climb and Cruise
This has a lower pitch, therefore less drag. Less drag results in higher RPM and more horsepower capability, which increases performance during takeoffs and climbs but decreases performance during cruising flight
Climb
This has a higher pitch, therefore more drag. More drag results in lower RPM and less horsepower capability, which decreases performance during takeoffs and climbs but increases efficiency during cruising flight
Cruise
This is the indicator of engine power. This calibrated in hundreds of RPM and gives a direct indication of the engine and propeller RPM.
Tachometer
This serves to attach the blades to the engine crankshaft
Propeller hub
This covers and protects the propeller hub, which in turn enhances aircraft appearance. This reduce drag by streamlining airflow which in turn provides improve engine cooling
Propeller spinner
The two types of cooling
Air Cooled and Liquid Cooled
What does CHT stand for?
Cylinder-head temperature gauge
