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Pharmacology (2014-2018) > Adrenergic receptors and agents > Flashcards

Adrenergic receptors and agents Flashcards

1
Q

An adrenergic drug can potentially lead to any of the following EXCEPT

A. Mydriasis
B. Tachycardia
C. Bronchodilation
D. Gluconeogenesis

A

D

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2
Q

Which of the following is TRUE about structure-activity relationship of direct adrenergic agonists?

A. Decreased substitution in the benzene ring increases potency
B. Decreased substitution in the benzene ring decreases distribution of the molecule to the central nervous system
C. Increasing the size of alkyl substituents on the amino group tends to increase beta-receptor activity
D. Substitution in the alpha-carbon shortens drug action

A

C

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3
Q

Increase in cAMP results from activation of which receptor

A. Alpha 1
B. Alpha 2
C. Beta 1
D. AOTA

A

C

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4
Q

The activation of presynaptic alpha-2 receptor will result to

A. Increased reuptake of norepinephrine from the synaptic cleft
B. Decreased release of norepinephrine from the synaptic cleft
C. Decreased storage of norepinephrine
D. Decreased catabolism of norepinephrine

A

B

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5
Q

A drug which can cause renovasodilation, improve cardiac contractility, and increase peripheral vascular resistance depending on dose given

A. Propranolol
B. Dopamine
C. Isoproterenol
D. Phentolamine

A

B

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6
Q

Adrenergic alpha-1 blockade in a patient given epinephrine results in a decrease in BP. This BP depressor effect can be attributed to which of the following?

A. B-1 agonist
B. B-2 agonist
C. B-1 antagonist
D. B-2 antagonist

A

B

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7
Q

An adolescent brought to the ER presenting with aggressive behavior, tremor, anxiety, paranoid state, hypertension, and tachycardia was diagnosed to have metamphetamine abuse. Which of the following is TRUE about the action of amphetamine?

A. It binds directly to beta-1 and alpha-1 receptors
B. It displaces norepinephrine from vesicles
C. It enhances MAO activity
D. It promotes exocytotic release of norepinephrine

A

D

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8
Q

A patient diagnosed to have rheumatic heart disease was brought to the ER due to severe heart failure. Along with a diuretic, this selective beta-1 adrenergic agonist which can increase cardiac contractility and cardiac output can be started

A. Dobutamine
B. Norepinephrine
C. Phenylephrine
D. Terbutaline

A

A

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9
Q

Clonidine is

A. A selective alpha-1 agonist
B. A selective alpha-2 agonist
C. A selective beta-1 agonist
D. A selective beta-2 agonist

A

B

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10
Q

48/M with heart failure secondary to dilated cardiomyopathy was started on this drug with both beta and alpha blocking effects, proven to decrease mortality and morbidity in the same subset of patients

A. Atenolol
B. Carvedilol
C. Metoprolol
D. Propranolol

A

B

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11
Q

Possible mechanisms of action of indirect adrenergic antagonists

A. Block adrenergic receptors
B. Inhibit the Ca2+-dependent release of norepinephrine
C. Block MAO
D. Inhibit reuptake of norepinephrine from synaptic cleft

A

B

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12
Q

A patient with Ischemic Heart Disease was given a beta-blocker for his chronic heart disease. Adverse effects of beta-adrenoceptor blocker include

A. Bronchospasm
B. Orthostatic hypotension
C. Tachycardia
D. Psychotic behavior

A

A

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13
Q

Atenolol was started to control hypertension of a 35 year old executive. Which of the following is true of the drug?

A. Selective beta-1 receptor antagonist
B. Short-acting
C. Subject to hepatic metabolism
D. AOTA

A

A

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14
Q

The clinical effects of a beta-blocker include which of the following:

A. Increases production of aqueous humor and is used for glaucoma
B. Facilitates peripheral conversion of thryoxine to triiodothyronine and hypothyroidism
C. Decreases incidence of first episode of bleeding in portal hypertension
D. Causes increased CNS alertness and drive, and is used to alleviate “stage fright”

A

C

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15
Q

Sympathetic activation results to the

following:

   A. Vasodilation

   B. Pupillary constriction

   C. Bladder contraction

   D. Perspiration
A

D/A

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16
Q

What is the effect of amphetamine?

   A. Promotes release of NT

   B. Blocks receptors

   C. Blocks MAO

   D. AOTA
A

*

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17
Q

A patient rushed to the ER for

bronchospasm secondary to anaphylactic

shock was given IM epinephrine and NE.

The following are expected effects:

    A. Bronchodilation

    B. Vasodilation

    C. Decreased cardiac contractility

    D. AOTA
A

*

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18
Q

Drug which inhibits the Ca2+-dependent

release of norepinephrine:

    A. Amphetamine

    B. Cocaine

    C. Guanethidine

    D. Reserpin
A

*

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19
Q

sympathetic activation will lead to the following action:

A. Pupil dilation

B. Bronchoconstriction

C. Bradycardia

A

A

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20
Q

Adrenergic Receptor predominantly found in the heart.

A. Alpha 1

B. Alpha 2

C. Beta 1

D. Beta 3

A

C

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21
Q

Adrenoreceptor coupled to Gq protein and especially found in smooth muscles.

A. Alpha 1

B. Alpha 2

C. Beta 1

D. Beta 2

A

A

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22
Q

True of the structure-activity relationship

A. Increase in alkyl substitution in the amino group, increase in Beta receptor activity

B. Decrease the substitution in the benzene ring, decrease in potency

C. substitution in the alpha-carbon prolongs drug activity

D. AOTA

A

D

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23
Q

Beta 2 adrenergic agonists are most useful with the condition:

A. Hypertension

B. Asthma

C. Heart Failure

D. Arrhythmia

A

B

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24
Q

Beta 1 receptor activation effects include

A. stimulation of renin release

B. skin vasodilation

C. insulin release

D. skeletal muscle tremor

A

A

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25
Q

Postsynaptic activation of Alpha 1 receptor will lead to:

A. Cutaneous vasodilation

B. Lipolysis

C. Nasal Decongestion

D. Uterine relaxation

A

C

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26
Q

Patient with septic shock was started on low dose of dopamine, what is an expected effect?

A. Vasoconstrict

B. Decrease cardiac output

C. Bradycardia

D. Increase renal blood flow

A

D

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27
Q

Alpha 2 agonist activation will most likely lead to:

A. vasoconstriction

B. bronchodilation

C. decrease in insulin and rennin release

D. AOTA

A

D

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28
Q

Alpha-1 blockers are beneficial in:

A. hypotension

B. asthma

C. urinary retention

D. nasal decongestion

A

C

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29
Q

Adverse effects of adrenoceptor blocker

A. bronchoconstriction – alpha blockade

B. increase intraocular pressure – beta blockade

C. hypertension

D. severe bradycardia

A

D

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30
Q

Reserpine action

A. direct agonist

B. inhibits VMAT

C. inhibits MAO

D. AOTA

A

B

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31
Q

The additional effect of some B-blockers like labetalol and pirdolol which can prevent untoward effects like asthma and

bradycardia is due to:

A. partial agonist effect

B. potassium blockade

C. local anesthetic effect

D. AOTA

A

A

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32
Q

α1 = α2; β1&raquo_space; β2

A. Dobutamine
B. Epinephrine
C. Norepinephrine
D. Phenylephrine
E. Terbutalin
A

C

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33
Q
  1. α1 = α2; β1 = β2
A. Dobutamine
B. Epinephrine
C. Norepinephrine
D. Phenylephrine
E. Terbutalin
34
Q
  1. β1 > β2&raquo_space;» α
A. Dobutamine
B. Epinephrine
C. Norepinephrine
D. Phenylephrine
E. Terbutalin
35
Q
  1. β2&raquo_space; β1&raquo_space;>α
A. Dobutamine
B. Epinephrine
C. Norepinephrine
D. Phenylephrine
E. Terbutalin
36
Q

Diarrhea in diabetics with autonomic neuropathy

A. Clonidine
B. Dobutamine
C. Epinephrine
D. Terbutalin

37
Q
  1. Preterm labor

A. Clonidine
B. Dobutamine
C. Epinephrine
D. Terbutalin

38
Q 
22. Anaphylactic shock
A. Clonidine
B. Dobutamine
C. Epinephrine
D. Terbutalin
39
Q

A selective α1 antagonist

A. Atenolol
B. Esmolol
C. Phenoxybenzamine
D. Prazosin
E. Propranolol
40
Q
  1. Long-acting selective β-blocker
A. Atenolol
B. Esmolol
C. Phenoxybenzamine
D. Prazosin
E. Propranolol
41
Q 
25. Non-selective β-blocker
A. Atenolol
B. Esmolol
C. Phenoxybenzamine
D. Prazosin
E. Propranolol
42
Q
  1. An α-receptor irreversible antagonist
A. Atenolol
B. Esmolol
C. Phenoxybenzamine
D. Prazosin
E. Propranolol
43
Q
  1. β-blocker with the shortest half-life
A. Atenolol
B. Esmolol
C. Phenoxybenzamine
D. Prazosin
E. Propranolol
44
Q

Sympathetic activation will lead to which of the following physiologic function/s

       A. Pupillary constriction

       B. Bronchodilation

       C. Gluconeogenesis

       D. Micturition

       E. Lipogenesis
45
Q

Activation of which of the following adrenoreceptors inhibits adenyl cyclase causing a decrease in cAMP

       A. Alpha-1

       B. Alpha-2

       C. Beta-1

       D. Beta-3

       E. D-1
46
Q

Which of the following is TRUE about structure-activity relationship of direct adrenergic agonists?

a. increasing the size of alkyl substituents on the amino group tends to increase alpha-receptor activity
b. decreased substitution in the benzene ring reduces bioavailability
c. decreased substitution in the benzene increases potency
d. substitution in the alpha-carbon prolongs drug action
e. all of the above

47
Q

Postsynaptic action of alpha-1 receptors will lead to the following effect

a. nasal decongestion
b. decreased peripheral vascular resistance
c. lipolysis
d. decreased insulin and rennin secretion
e. uterine relaxation

48
Q

A patient with septic shock was started on a sympathomimetic expected to increase both cardiac contracitility and heart

rate. This drug is MOST LIKELY.
a. low dose dopamine
b. dobutamine
c. high dose epinephrine
d. terbutaline
e. norepinephrine

49
Q

A patient rushed to the emergency room for anaphylactic shock was given intramuscular epinephrine. Resulting

vasoconstriction is mediated by which adrenergic receptor:

a. alpha-1
b. alpha-2
c. beta-1
d. beta-2
e. beta-3

50
Q

In an experiment by Arinze and Kawai in 1983, glycogenolysis in hepatocytes isolated from fed guinea pigs was stimulated

by catecholamines with the following order of potency: Isoproterenol> epinephrine&raquo_space; norepinephrine. This order of potency is

characteristic of which adrenoreceptor:

a. alpha-1,
b. alpha-2
c. beta-1
d. beta-2
e. beta-3

51
Q

An adolescent brought to the emergency room presenting with aggressive behaviour, tremor, anxiety, paranoid state,

hypertension, and tachycardia was diagnosed to have metamphetamine abuse. Which of the following is TRUE about the action

of Amphetamine?

a. It inhibits vesicular monoamine transporter
b. It inhibits norepinephrine transporter
c. It prevents vesicular uptake of norepinephrine
d. It promotes nonexocytotic release of norepinephrine
e. All of the above

52
Q

Endocrine effects of beta-blockers include which of the following:

a. inhibition of beta-1 receptor mediated glycogenolysis and glucose release
b. lipolysis
c. decreased VLDL and HDL
d. Peripheral conversion of thyroxine in triiodothyronine
e. inhibition of beta-1 receptor mediated renin release

53
Q

A 63 year old male patient presenting with both hypertension and urinary obstruction secondary to benign prostatic

hypertrophy will benefit most from which of the following drugs:

a. metropolol
b. clonidine
c. prazosin
d. ephedrine
e. reserpine

54
Q

A patient diagnosed to have pheochromocytoma, a tumor of the adrenal medulla causing excessive release of epinephrine

and norepinephrine, was started on a non-selective alpha-antagonist, an example of which is

a. terazosin
b. yohimbine
c. methyldopa
d. clonidine
e. phentolamine

55
Q

Which additional effect of some beta-blockers like Labetalol and Pindolol can prevent untoward effects like precipitation of

asthma and excessive bradycardia

a. partial agonist effect
b. potassium blockade
c. local anesthetic action
d. Na channel blockade
e. all of the above

56
Q

Postynaptic activation of Alpha- 1 receptors will lead to the following cellular effects

 a) . Decreased intracellular calcium
 b) . Increased Camp
            c) . Increased IP3 and DAG 
 d) . Inhibition of phospholipase activity
57
Q

a patient with “warn” septic shock present with hypotension and generalized vasodilation high dose dopamine intravenous

infusion was started. Which adrenoceptor does dopamine act to constrict the vessels?

  a) . Beta-1       c).Alpha-2
      b) . Alpa-1d).d1
58
Q

A patients rushed to the emergency room for anaphylactic shock was given intramuscular epinephrine.which of the

following are expected effects of the drug.

a) .Bronchodilation
b) .vasodilation
c) .decreased cardiac contractility
d) .Pupillary constriction

59
Q

43.In an experiment by Arinze and kawai in 1983, glycogenolysis in hepatocytes isolated fromfed guinea pigs was stimulated by

catecholamines with the following order of potency: Isoproterenol> Epinephrine»Norepinephrine. This order of potency is

characteristic of which adrenoceptor:

a) . Alpha-1
b) .Alpha-2
c) . Beta-1
d) . Beta-2

60
Q

Which of the following depends on normal stores of catecholamines for its sympathomimetic action.

a) . Phenylephrine
b) . clonidine c) . Amphetamine
d) . Terbutaline
61
Q

Which of the following is TRUE regarding substitutions on this compound.

a) . Decreased substitution on the benzene ring increases potency of sympathomimetic
b) . Increasing the size of alkyl substituents on the amino group tend to increase beta-receptor activity
c) . Substitution on the beta carbon blocks oxidation by MAO
d) . Decreased subsititution on the benzene ring leads decreased distribution of the molecule to the central nervous system

62
Q

Which of the following drug will decrease heart rate in a normal heart but has little or no effect in a denervated heart

a) .Isoproterenol
b) .Dobutamine
c) . Prazosin
d) .Phenylephrine

63
Q

Metabolic effects of Beta- blockade include which of the following :

a) .Complete inhibition of lipolysis
b) .Increased VLDL and decreased HLD with chronic use
c) .Increased peripheral conversion of thyroxine to triiodothyronine
d) . Increased rennin secretion

64
Q

Which of the following is the drug of choice for a hypertensive patient with benign protastic hypertrophy and urinary

obstruction:

a) . Metoprolol
b) .Clonidine
c) .Prazosin
d) . Ephedrine

65
Q

A patient diagnosed to have pheochromocytoma, a tumor of the adrenal medulla causing excessive release of epinephrine

and norepinephrine, was started on a non- selective alpha-anatagonits, an example of which is

a) . Yohimbine
b) . Methyldopa
c) . Terazosin
d) .Phenoxybenzamine

66
Q

The following is NOT a clinical use of beta-adrenoceptor antagonist:

a) . Portal hypertension
b) . Glaucoma
c) . Hypothyroidism
d) . Chronic heart failure

67
Q

Activation of which of the following adrenoceptors inhibits adenyl cyclase causing a decrease in cAMP

a. beta-1
b. alpha-1
c. alpha-2
d. D1

68
Q

Increased cardiac contractility, decreased peripheral vascular resistance, increased pacemaker activity are all actions of

a. Dopamine
b. Norepinephrine
c. Isoproterenol
d. High-dose epinephrine

69
Q

Which of the following depends on normal stores of catecholamines for its sympathomimetic action

a. Phenylephrine
b. Clonidine
c. Amphetamine
d. Terbutaline

70
Q

Which of the following drugs will decrease heart rate in a normal heart but has little or no effect in a denervated heart

a. phenylephrine
b. isoproterenol
c. dobutamine
d. eipnephrin

71
Q

Beta-receptor activation will produce which of the following metabolic effects

a. increased fat stores
b. increased extracellular potassium
c. increased glycogen tores
d. increased renin secretion

72
Q

Which of the following is a selective adrenoceptor agonist

a. ephedrine
b. oxymetazoline
d. dobutamine
d. epinephrine

73
Q

TRUE of Beta-blockers

a. most beta blockers are also partial agonists
b. beta blockers may be selective to either beta-1 or beta-2 receptors
c. beta blockers exhibit a class effect and are therefore interchangeable
d. beta-selectivity is relative and higher doses will block both beta-receptors

74
Q

True of Prozosin

a. It is an irreversible alpha-1 antagonist
b. Has 50% bioavailability
c. Used for hypertension and urinary incontinence
d. take effect in 3 hrs

75
Q

Clinical uses of beta-adrenoceptor antagonists include

a. hypertension
b. ischemic heart disease
c. supraventricular tachycardia
d. heart failure
e. AOTA

76
Q

Adrenergic receptor on JG Cells

A. Alpha 1

B. Alpha 2

C. Beta 1

D. Beta 2

77
Q

this drug with can improve contractility but can also cause vasodilatation should not be taken as a sole adrenergic drug in

patients with heart failure and hypotension

A. Dobutamine

B. Dopamine

C. Norepinephrine

D. Phenylephrine

78
Q

Selective beta-2 adrenergic agonists are useful in which of the following conditions

A. Hypertension

B. Heart failure

C. Preterm labor

D. Arrythmia

79
Q

Sympathomimetic effects in the CNS include the following EXCEPT:

A. Excessive urge to sleep in inappropriate situations

B. Elevation of mood

C. Euphoria

D. Psychosis

80
Q

A beta-1 selective blocker with partial activity which will minimize, if not prevent precipitation of asthma and bradycardia.

A. Acetabulol

B. Timolol

C. Propanolol

D. Esmolol

Pharmacology (2014-2018) (23 decks)

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