Adolescent Nutrition

Question 1

How much protein do adolescents need?

Answer 1

.85-.95g/kg

Question 2

how much fiber do adolescents need?

Answer 2

9-13 males= 31g/d
14-18 males= 38g/d
9-18 females= 26g/d

Question 3

how much lipids to adolescents need?

Answer 3

30-35% of calorie intake

Question 4

Fe, Ca, D, Folic acid needs for 9-13 year olds

Answer 4

Fe: 8mg/d
Ca: 1300 mg/d
D: 600IU/d
Folic: 300mcg/d

Question 5

Fe, Ca, D, folic acid needs for 14-18 year olds

Answer 5

Fe: 11-15mg/d
Ca: 1300mg/d
D: 600 IU/d
folic: 400mcg/d

Question 6

the average US teen gets how much fiber?

Answer 6

12-16g/d

Question 7

who (out of adolescents) are deficient in iron?

Answer 7

girls

Question 8

when is the max Ca skeletal accretion?

Answer 8

girls: 11-14yo
boys: 16-18yo

Question 9

how much vitamin D is needed if there is no sun exposure?

Answer 9

1000IU/d

Question 10

what is the FDA max allowable level of caffiene?

Answer 10

71mg/12oz

Question 11

energy drink consumption increases the risk of consuming what?

Answer 11

alcohol, cigarettes, marijuana, amphetamines

Question 12

what is some nutritional therapy for those with acne?

Answer 12

low glycemic load diet
low saturated fat
high in whole grains, fruits and veggies
increase omega 3s

Question 13

what should you assess for in overweight adolescents?

Answer 13

HTN, hyperlipidemia, tobacco use, family history of HTN, CVD risk, type 2 diabetes

Question 14

for obese adolescents, what should you assess?

Answer 14

blood lipids, fasting blood glucose, microalbumin/creatine ratio

Question 15

stage 1 treatment of overweight and obese adolescents

Answer 15

remove screens from bedroom
screen time limited to 2 hrs/d
1 hour of moderate/vigorous activity daily
5+ servings of fruits and veggies, limit juice
limit eating away from home
eat family meals daily
3 meals a day at least
only eat when hungry, and only until satiated
reduce intake of energy dense foods and drinks
identify correct portion sizes

Question 16

stage 2 treatment for overweight and obese adolescents

Answer 16

monitor intake with daily food journal
set food and activity goals
limit screen time to no more than 1 hr/d
follow a structured meal plan with scheduled meal/snack times
reinforce positive lifestyle change with non-food rewards

Question 17

stage 3 treatment for overweight and obese adolescents

Answer 17

performed by a multidisciplinary team
50-70 hr over 2-6 months
very structured and monitored

Question 18

stage 4 treatment for overweight and obese adolescents

Answer 18

intensive regimens: meal replacement, protein-sparing modified fasts
meds may be used
bariatriic surgery may be an option

Question 19

dietary recommendations for high LDL in teens

Answer 19

limit total fat to 25-30% energy
limit saturated fat to <7% energy
limit cholesterol to 200mg/d
add plant sterols (up to 2g/d)
at least 1 hour of moderate/vigerous activity daily
sedentary time limited to <2hr/d

Question 20

dietary recommendations for high triglycerides in teens

Answer 20

limit total fat to 25-30% energy
limit saturated fat to <7% energy
decrease sugars in diet
replace simple carbs with complex carbs and whole grains
avoid sugar-sweetened beverages
increase intake of fish high in omega 3s

Question 21

metabolic syndrome is found in what percent of teens?

Answer 21

2-9% of teens

12-44% of obese teens

Question 22

physical activity for teens

Answer 22

all youth should get at least 60 mimutes of activity daily

few kids meet recommendations

Question 23

female athlete triad

Answer 23

increased risk of fractures
decreased bone density
eventual fertility issues

Question 24

when are teens at the highest risk for nutritional deficiency during pregnancy?

Answer 24

within 4 years of starting menstruation

Question 25

most important nutrients for teens who are pregnant

Answer 25

``` folate iron zinc calcium vitamin D ```