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Histology > Adipose Tissue > Flashcards

Adipose Tissue Flashcards

1
Q

What types of cells predominate in adipose tissue?

A

Adipocytes

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2
Q

__________________ are large cells found isolated or in small groups and clusters within loose or dense irregular connective tissue

A

Adipocytes

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3
Q

Adipose tissue has five major functions. What are thehy?

A
  1. Metabolic regulation
  2. Energy storage (triglycerides)
  3. Insulation
  4. Endocrine (appetitie, immune regulation)
  5. Autocrine/paracrine (immune system, lipogenesis/lipolysis)
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4
Q

____________________ tissue conducts heat poorly but provides thermal insulation, fills the space between other tissues, and shapes and cushions regions of the body exposed to mechanical stress

A

Adipose

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5
Q

Excess fat is stored in ________________, which expand in size until the fat is used for fuel

A

Lipocytes

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6
Q

What do we mean when we say that adipocytes are active cells?

A

That they have metabolic functions; they respond to both nervous and hormonal stimuli, and they even release hormones

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7
Q

____________________ is a hormone produced more in subcutaneous fat while ______________ is a signaling molecule produced more in visceral fat

A

Leptin

IL-6

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8
Q

Adipose tissue stores ________________________, the largest repository of energy in the body

A

Triglycerides

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9
Q

Other than in the form of triglycerides, how else does the body store energy?

A

Glycogen

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10
Q

There are two types of adipose tissue that differ in their location, structure, color, and pathology. What are these two types?

A

White adipose tissue

Brown adipose tissue

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11
Q

Which type of adipose tissue is most common: white or brown?

A

White

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12
Q

_____________________ adipose tissue have cells that contain one large central droplet of whitish-yellowish fat in their cytoplasm

A

White

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13
Q

Where does white adipose tissue tend to be found in the body?

A

Visceral fat pads and subcutaneous fat pads

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14
Q

_____________________ adipose cells have multiple lipid droplets interspersed among abundant mitochondria, which gives this tissue type its distinctive color

A

Brown

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15
Q

In ________________________ cells are spherical when isolated and polyhderal when closely packed together; cells contain one huge lipid droplit that makes up 85% of its cellular weight

A

White adipose tissue

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16
Q

White adipocytes are ____________________, meaning that their triglycerides are stored in a single locus

A

Unilocular

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17
Q

Is white adipose tissue vascularized?

A

Yes

18
Q

White adipose tissue is subdivided into incomplete ______________________ by a partition of ___________________________

A

Lobules

Connective tissue

19
Q

Fat cells or ______________________ make up fat __________________, which make up fat pearls that constitute fat sections

A

Adipocytes

Fat lobules

20
Q

______________________ fibers form a fine interwoven network that support individual fat cells and bind them together

A

Reticular

21
Q

A unilocular adipocyte appears as a thin ring of cytoplasm around an empty vacuole, sometimes referred to as the _____________________

A

Signet ring cell

22
Q

How do nuclei appear in adipocytes?

A

Falttened because the large lipid droplet pushes nuclei to the side

23
Q

What type of fixative stains lipids black?

A

Osmium tetroxide

24
Q

What cells are the sole source of the hormone leptin?

A

Adipocytes

25
Q

Leptin is also known as the ____________________________ because it regulates appetite and participates in regulating the amount of adipose tissue

A

Satiety factor

26
Q

White adipose tissue differentiates from embryonic mesenchymal cells as _____________________

A

Lipoblasts

27
Q

Early ___________________ have the appearance of fibroblasts but are able to accumulate ____________ in their cytoplasm

A

Lipoblasts

Fat

28
Q

In lipoblasts, lipid accumulations are isolated from one another at first but soon fuse to form the single large droplet characteristic of _______________________ adipocyte tissue cells

A

Unilocular

29
Q

What gives brown adipose tissue its color?

A

Numerous mitochondria

30
Q

Besides numerous mitochondria, what else gives brown adipose tissue its color?

A

Large number of blood capillaries

31
Q

Brown adipocytes are polygonal and generally _________________ that cells of white adipose tissue, and their cytoplasm contain great number of lipid droplets of various sizes, making them _______________________

A

Smaller

Multilocular

32
Q

What is the principle function of brown adipose tissue?

A

Heat production

33
Q

How does brown adipose tissue resemble an endocrine gland?

A

Cells assume an epithelial-like arrangement closely associated with blood capillaries

34
Q

Brown adipose tissue is subdivided into partitions of connective tissue ____________________ that are better delineated than those of white adipose tissue

A

Lobules

35
Q

Do brown adipose tissue cells receive direct sympathethic innervation?

A

Yes

36
Q

Nuclei in brown adipose tissue tend to be _____________________ and centrally located

A

Spherical

37
Q

The main function of multilocular adipose tissues is to ___________________ by nonshivering ___________________, the physiology of which is best understood in the study of hibernating species

A

Produce heat

Thermogenesis

38
Q

Which emerges first during fetal development - white or brown adipose tissue?

A

Brown

39
Q

In humans, the amount of brown fat is maximal relative to body weight at ________________ when nonshivering thermogenesis is most needed

A

Birth

40
Q

Brown adipose tissue largely disappears by ________________________ or is replaced by white fat during childhood

A

Involution

41
Q

Where can brown adipose tissue be found in adults?

A

Kidneys

Adrenal glands

Aorta

Mediastinum

42
Q
A

Histology (18 decks)

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