Adipose Tissue

Question 1

Adipocytes

Answer 1

the characteristic cells of 
adipose tissue (fat), These very large cells 
are derived from mesenchyme (a loose connective tissue).

Question 2

Reticular fibers

Answer 2

support adipose tissue

Question 3

Subcutaneous fat

Answer 3

A majority of fat that is found under the skin, for thermoregulation

Question 4

Visceral fat

Answer 4

Fat found around certain organs, in bone marrow, between muscles, and in breast tissue. For cushioning organs such as the heart, gonads, kidneys, and intestines.

Question 5

Two types of adipose tissue

Answer 5

Brown fat and white fat

Develop from preadipocytes

Question 6

White Adipose

Answer 6

Produce the hormone leptin which helps inhibit hunger

Single huge lipid droplet

Fewer mitochondria

Subcutaneous and visceral
locations

Stores energy

Fewer capillaries

Fibroblasts and macrophages

Question 7

Brown Adipose

Answer 7

Brown fat is localized to kidneys, adrenal glands, and a few other places.

Newborns have 2–5% of body weight in brown
fat, but this decreases through childhood.

The cells are brown because of the large
number of mitochondria and small lipid droplets.

Produces heat by “nonshivering thermogenesis.”

Many smaller lipid droplets

More mitochondria

Kidneys, adrenal glands, and a few other
places

More capillaries

Fibroblasts and macrophages

Question 8

What three sources do white adipocytes store lipid from?

Answer 8

Dietary fats (including triglyerides and cholesterol) 
packaged as chylomicrons (a type of lipoprotein). 

• Other triglycerides produced in the liver and
circulating as very-low-density lipoproteins
(VLDLs).

• Fatty acids produced locally by breakdown of the
dietary fats and triglycerides by lipoprotein lipase.

Question 9

How are lipids mobilized from adipocytes?

Answer 9

by the enzyme lipase that is activated primarily by the
hormone norepinephrine released from the
adrenal gland.

Question 10

Lipids

Answer 10

• Triglycerides (with fatty acids)
• Cholesterol
• Phospholipids

• These are transported through the body in
packages or particles called lipoproteins.

Question 11

Triglyceride

Answer 11

glycerol + three fatty acid chains

Question 12

Lipoprotein function

Answer 12

a biochemical assembly whose primary function is to transport fat molecules in water, as in blood plasma or other extracellular fluids, where they are taken into cells by endocytosis.

Question 13

Lipoprotein composition

Answer 13

They are composed of
phospholipids, triglycerides,
proteins, and cholesterol.

Question 14

Lipoprotein classification

Answer 14

They are classified by their density.
• ULDL (ultralow-density, largest (= chylomicrons)
• VLDL (very-low density)
• IDL (Intermediate density)
• LDL (Low density)*
• HDL (High density, smallest)*

Question 15

Chylomicrons (ULDLs)

Answer 15

transport dietary lipids from the intestines to
other locations in the body, where the triglycerides are broken down by the enzyme lipase.

one of the five major
groups of lipoproteins (sorted by density) that enable fats and cholesterol to move within the water
-based solution of the bloodstream

Question 16

Obesity

Answer 16

excessive adipose tissue accumulation. More fat is accumulated in the cells; the number of fat cells does not increase.

Question 17

Lipid storage

Answer 17

Free fatty acids + glycerol -> Triglyceride droplet

Question 18

Lipid mobilization

Answer 18

Norepinephrine + Lipase -> Fatty acids + glycerol

Question 19

What is the main function of brown adipose tissue?

Answer 19

Thermogenesis

Question 20

In routine histological sections, why is it not possible to see the lipid in the fat cells?

Answer 20

The solvents used to prepare the slides dissolve the lipid.

Question 21

A benign fat cell tumor is called a

Answer 21

Lipoma

Question 22

Which type of fibers form the supporting framework of white adipose tissue?

Answer 22

Reticular fibers

Question 23

Norepinephrine stimulates a lipase that breaks down triglycerides into

Answer 23

Glycerol and fatty acids

Question 24

Functions of adipose tissue

Answer 24

Energy storage
Cushioning organs
Thermogenesis
Insulation

Question 25

Which type of fat is less common in the body?

Answer 25

Brown fat is less common (by weight) in the body than white fat.

Question 26

# Reversed prompt ``` the characteristic cells of adipose tissue (fat), These very large cells are derived from mesenchyme (a loose connective tissue). ```

Answer 26

Adipocytes

Question 27

# Reversed prompt support adipose tissue

Answer 27

Reticular fibers

Question 28

# Reversed prompt A majority of fat that is found under the skin, for thermoregulation

Answer 28

Subcutaneous fat

Question 29

# Reversed prompt Fat found around certain organs, in bone marrow, between muscles, and in breast tissue. For cushioning organs such as the heart, gonads, kidneys, and intestines.

Answer 29

Visceral fat

Question 30

# Reversed prompt Brown fat and white fat Develop from preadipocytes

Answer 30

Two types of adipose tissue

Question 31

# Reversed prompt Produce the hormone leptin which helps inhibit hunger Single huge lipid droplet Fewer mitochondria Subcutaneous and visceral locations Stores energy Fewer capillaries Fibroblasts and macrophages

Answer 31

White Adipose

Question 32

# Reversed prompt Brown fat is localized to kidneys, adrenal glands, and a few other places. Newborns have 2–5% of body weight in brown fat, but this decreases through childhood. The cells are brown because of the large number of mitochondria and small lipid droplets. Produces heat by "nonshivering thermogenesis." Many smaller lipid droplets More mitochondria Kidneys, adrenal glands, and a few other places More capillaries Fibroblasts and macrophages

Answer 32

Brown Adipose

Question 33

# Reversed prompt ``` Dietary fats (including triglyerides and cholesterol) packaged as chylomicrons (a type of lipoprotein). ``` • Other triglycerides produced in the liver and circulating as very-low-density lipoproteins (VLDLs). • Fatty acids produced locally by breakdown of the dietary fats and triglycerides by lipoprotein lipase.

Answer 33

What three sources do white adipocytes store lipid from?

Question 34

# Reversed prompt by the enzyme lipase that is activated primarily by the hormone norepinephrine released from the adrenal gland.

Answer 34

How are lipids mobilized from adipocytes?

Question 35

# Reversed prompt * Triglycerides (with fatty acids) * Cholesterol * Phospholipids • These are transported through the body in packages or particles called lipoproteins.

Answer 35

Lipids

Question 36

# Reversed prompt glycerol + three fatty acid chains

Answer 36

Triglyceride

Question 37

# Reversed prompt a biochemical assembly whose primary function is to transport fat molecules in water, as in blood plasma or other extracellular fluids, where they are taken into cells by endocytosis.

Answer 37

Lipoprotein function

Question 38

# Reversed prompt They are composed of phospholipids, triglycerides, proteins, and cholesterol.

Answer 38

Lipoprotein composition

Question 39

# Reversed prompt They are classified by their density. • ULDL (ultralow-density, largest (= chylomicrons) • VLDL (very-low density) • IDL (Intermediate density) • LDL (Low density)\* • HDL (High density, smallest)\*

Answer 39

Lipoprotein classification

Question 40

# Reversed prompt transport dietary lipids from the intestines to other locations in the body, where the triglycerides are broken down by the enzyme lipase. one of the five major groups of lipoproteins (sorted by density) that enable fats and cholesterol to move within the water -based solution of the bloodstream

Answer 40

Chylomicrons (ULDLs)

Question 41

# Reversed prompt excessive adipose tissue accumulation. More fat is accumulated in the cells; the number of fat cells does not increase.

Answer 41

Obesity

Question 42

# Reversed prompt Free fatty acids + glycerol -\> Triglyceride droplet

Answer 42

Lipid storage

Question 43

# Reversed prompt Norepinephrine + Lipase -\> Fatty acids + glycerol

Answer 43

Lipid mobilization

Question 44

# Reversed prompt Energy storage Cushioning organs Thermogenesis Insulation

Answer 44

Functions of adipose tissue

Question 45

The storage droplets in a fat cell contain:

Answer 45

Triglycerides

Question 46

The particles formed from ingested triglycerides, phospholipids, and cholesterol are called

Answer 46

Chylomicrons

Question 47

Hydrolysis of VLDLs in the blood capillaries forms

Answer 47

Free fatty acids