Adenoviridae

Question 1

Genome and replication of Adenoviridae

Answer 1

non-segmented, linear double stranded DNA 35-36kb
Replication in nucleus
virions released by lysis
intranuclear inclusion bodies formed with large number of virions

Question 2

Adenovirus generalities

Answer 2

agglutinate RBCs
some oncogenic in lab animals
relatively stable in environment but common disinfectants inactivate them
narrow host range

Question 3

What sort of dz’s do Adenoviridae normally cause?

Answer 3

acute respiratory or gastroenteric dz

mostly subclinical

Question 4

What proteins do Adenoviruses code for that inhibit class MHC antigen transport?

Answer 4

E3/19K

Question 5

What proteins does Adenoviridae code for that inhibits tumor necrosis factor induced apoptosis?

Answer 5

E3/14.7K

Question 6

How do adenoviruses modulate antiviral inflammatory responses?

Answer 6

Inhibit nuclear factor kB transcriptional activity

Question 7

Where do adenoviruses persist? When are they reactivated? In what sort of animal are they highly pathogenic?

Answer 7

lymphoid tissues
tonsil, adenoids and peyers patches
reactivated in immunocomprimised animals
highly pathogenic in immunodeficient animals

Question 8

What gene products of Adenoviruses are associated with oncogenesis

Answer 8

E1A: inactivate Rb protein
E1B: inactivate p53 protein

Question 9

What’s the difference between Mastadenovirus and Aviadenovirus?

Answer 9

mast- single penton fiber

avi- penton fiber is bifurcated, looks like 2 fibers

Question 10

Infectious Canine Hepatitis (ICH, Rubarth’s Dz)
Etiology
Host
Distribution

Answer 10

Canine adenovirus-1
canidae and ursidae (bears)
worldwide

Question 11

Infectious Canine Hepatitis

Transmisison

Answer 11

CAV-1 found in all secretions and excretions, shed in urine 6-9 mo
Oronasal transmission
Contact with:
secretions/excretions, fomites, ectoparasites

Question 12

Morphology of Adenoviridae

Answer 12

nonenveloped hexagonal
icosahedral
720 hexons as 240 trimers
12 vertex penton capsomers w/ a fiber protruding from the surface of the capsid

Question 13

Why would you see Chronic Glomerulonephritis in a dog with Canine Infectious Hepatitis?

Answer 13

results from immune complex rxns after recovery from acute/subclinical dz

Question 14

Blue eye is a lesion associated with what viral infection? How many dogs get it? When is it seen?

Answer 14

Infectious Canine Hepatitis/Canine Adenovirus-1
20%
Seen in dogs in recovery or chronic cases

Question 15

Pathogenesis of Blue Eye

Answer 15

viremia, CAV-1 enters eye via uveal tract
localizes in endothelium of choroid and causes mild uveitis
4-6 days later enter aqueous humor
Day 7 severe anterior uveitis and corneal edema develop due to CAV-1 antibody production and complement activation

Question 16

Complications from Infectious Canine Hepatitis

Answer 16

DIC

Bacterial pyelonephritis

Question 17

t/f Icterus is a common symptom of Infectious Canine Hepatitis

Answer 17

False

Question 18

T/F Corneal edema and anterior uveitis (Blue Eye) occur when clinical recovery begins

Answer 18

True

Question 19

Dx of Infectious Canine Hepatitis

Answer 19

Clinical Signs

Necropsy- paint brush hemorrhages, liver necrosis, gray-white foci in kidney cortex

Question 20

Dx of ICH

Answer 20

Biochemistry and hematology- leukopenia, increased ALT and AST, proteinuria, thrombocytopenia
Virus isolated in urine
FAT
PCR
Paired serum testing ELISA of HI

Question 21

What is the preferential vx for CAV-1?

Answer 21

CAV-2 live attenuated

Question 22

Kennel Cough
Etiology
Transmission

Answer 22

CAV-2 and Bordetella bronchiseptica

highly contagious, aerosolized droplets

Question 23

Canine Infectious Tracheobronchitis/Kennel Cough
Clinical Signs
Uncomplicated ITB vs Complicated

Answer 23

Incubation period 1-3 days
Uncomplicated- dry honking cough, rhinitis, nasal dc
Complated- severe pnemonia or bronchopneumonia, life threatening

Question 24

Dx of ITB/Kennel Cough

Answer 24

clinical signs, palpating larynx or trachea

PCR

Question 25

Which Equine Adenovirus is associated with SCID foals?

Answer 25

EAV-1

Question 26

Why do SCID foals have severe immunodeficiency?

Answer 26

a mutation in an allele encoding a DNA dependent protein kinase that is needed for VDJ recombination

Question 27

Clinical signs of Equine Adenovirus in SCID foals

Answer 27

severe broncholitis and pneumonia, respiratory distress

generalized infections

Question 28

Adenoviruses in chickens is called

Answer 28

Inclusion body hepatitis

Egg drop syndrome 76

Question 29

Adenoviruses in turkeys is called

Answer 29

Hemorrhagic enteritis

Egg drop syndrome