addiction and substance use disorders Flashcards
Refraining from use of drugs, alcohol, or other substances of addiction.
abstinence
Chronic and relapsing disease state characterized by compulsive use of a substance despite harmful or negative consequences to the user.
addiction
The consumption of five or more drinks for men or four or more drinks for women within a 2-hour period.
binge drinking
Behaviors or behavior patterns seen in family members of individuals who use substances and which usually involve actions that fail to address the behaviors of the family member who is using.
codependency
Persistent reinitiation of habitual acts that continue despite the potential for adverse consequences.
compulsivity
A compelling desire for previously experienced positive or euphoric effects of a psychoactive substance; can increase in the presence of both internal and external cues (e.g., stressors), particularly with perceived substance availability.
craving
Temporary visual, auditory, or tactile hallucinations characteristic of abrupt withdrawal from alcohol, typically developing 48–72 hours after withdrawal begins.
delirium tremens
A behavior often seen in patients with substance abuse in which the patient denies use of any substance or problems/consequences associated with it.
denial
The body’s physical need for a specific substance; cessation (abruptly stopping) use of a substance can result in withdrawal syndrome.
dependence
A synthetic, illegal substance that is similar to another drug but is produced illegally and often with more serious and potent effects than the original drug.
designer drug
The process of safely and effectively withdrawing an individual from an addictive substance.
detoxification
The use of illicit drugs or the abuse of prescription or over-the-counter drugs for purposes other than those for which they are indicated or in a manner or in quantities other than directed.
drug abuse
Substance use may occur independently of mental illness or it may co-occur with mental illness,
dual diagnosis
Any behavior of a family member that supports the substance abuse of another family member, such as calling in sick for the family member or tolerating dangerous behaviors.
enabling behavior
Dissociative reactions in which the individual feels or acts as if a traumatic event is recurring; hallucinations or alterations in perception that may occur as a result of substance use.
flashback
A pattern of drinking that consists of more than two drinks per day for men and more than one drink per day for women.
heavy drinking
A predisposition toward rapid, unplanned reactions to internal and external stimuli without regard for negative consequences.
impulsivity
a cluster of symptoms that occur in a newborn who was exposed to addictive illegal or prescription drugs while in the mother’s womb
neonatal abstinence syndrome (nas)
Period following illness in which symptoms are under control and the individual is able to perform basic self-care; the level of wellness is defined as stable.
recovery
Return of symptoms after stabilization.
relapse
A wellness support group composed of and led by individuals who share the same or similar illness or addiction.
self help group
Use of substances to blunt or negate challenging or painful symptoms or feelings.
self medicating
Complete abstinence from alcohol or other drugs of abuse in conjunction with a satisfactory quality of life.
sobriety
Any drug that acts on the brain’s reward system.
substance
A pattern of harmful use of any substance for mood-altering purposes.
substance abuse
Continued use of a substance without regard to negative consequences, including psychological and physiological symptoms.
substance use disorder
A quick progression from the start of substance use to dependence and problematic use, requiring treatment.
telescopin
Occurs when increasing amounts of the substance are required to achieve the same effect.
tolerance
An array of negative psychological and physiological symptoms experienced when individuals who use a substance consistently stop abruptly.
withdrawal
