Acute myeloblastic leukaemia

Question 1

aetiology same as ALL

Answer 1

note

Question 2

pathogenesis same as ALL

Answer 2

notes

Question 3

CF

Answer 3

-young adults
BM failure
anaemia
infections
bleeding
organ infiltration:liver spleen

Question 4

specific CF AML M3

Answer 4

BLEEDING/DIC

Question 5

specific CF AML M4,M5

Answer 5

gum hypertrophy

Question 6

haematology

Answer 6

low Hb
normocytic normochromic anaemia
inc n abnormal TLC
dec normal granulocytes
low platelet count

Question 7

peripheral smear

Answer 7

> 20 % myeloblast
Auer rods present

Question 8

BM (trephine biopsy)

Answer 8

inc cellularity
>20% myeloblast
dec erythroid elements n megakaryocytes

Question 9

cytochemical stains

Answer 9

+ve myeloperoxidase
+ve Sudan
nonspecific esterase +ve in M5

Question 10

IMMUNOPHENOTYPING

Answer 10

CD13,CD33,CD117

Question 11

COMMON CYTOGENIC ABNORM

Answer 11

t(15:17) in M3
t(8:21) in M2—good prognosis
inversion CH 16 IN M4–good prognosis
LOST OF CH 5/7—POOR PROGNOSIS

Question 12

Prognosis

Answer 12

poor
-5 year survival:30%
LOST OF CH 5/7—POOR PROGNOSIS

t(8:21) in M2—good prognosis
inversion CH 16 IN M4–good prognosis
AML M3: good, treatment:all-trans retinoic acid