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Nursing 101 > Activity and Exercise Objectives > Flashcards

Activity and Exercise Objectives Flashcards

1
Q

(infection of the bone) may develop after bone injury or surgery.

A

Osteomyelitis (

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2
Q

. Pt has to be able to assist in this type of transfer. Eg. A paraplegic with good upper body strength could safely use a transfer board but a quadriplegic probably could not)

A

Transfer board

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3
Q

a chronic inflammatory joint disease characterized by stiffening and fusion of the spine and sacroiliac joints.

usually develops in young adults,

equally in men and women.

low back pain and stiffness and decreased ROM of the spine. T

causing kyphosis

A

Ankylosing Spondylitis

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4
Q

a wood or plastic device designed to assist with moving patients. R

A

Transfer board

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5
Q

are useful for elevating the upper body when an adjustable bed is not available and for abducting the hips after hip surgery.

A

Foam wedge pillows

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6
Q

body movement

A

Mobility

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7
Q

causes joint pain, deformity, and loss of function; patients may also experience fever, fatigue, weakness, and weight loss. occurs most frequently in the fingers, wrists, elbows, ankles, and knees. The illness usually begins in mid-life and more often in women

A

Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA)

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8
Q

causes physiological changes in almost every body system, as well as psychological changes

A

prolonged immobility

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9
Q

does what it does without us thinking about it - rest, digest, fight/flight

A

Autonomic nervous system

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10
Q

First thing you do when moving a patient in the bed

A

lock the bed wheels

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11
Q

HOB 30 degrees

A

emi-Fowler’s

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12
Q

HOB 90 degrees

A

High Fowler’s

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13
Q

HOB 90 degrees w/ overbed table and pillow

A

Orthopneic

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14
Q

If a patient begins to faint allow the patient to _______ rather than ___________

A

slide down your leg to the floor rather than trying to catch them as they fall

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15
Q

Immobility results in ____% loss of muscle strength per ____

A

10

week

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16
Q

Initial tx for Sprains, Strains and fractures

A 
RICE
REST
ICE
COMPRESSION
ELEVATION
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17
Q

Innervates the voluntary skeletal muscles

A

Somatic nervous system

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18
Q

involves a loss of articular cartilage in the joint, with pain and stiffness as the primary symptoms. Patients may also have decreased ROM and crepitus, a creaking or grating sound, with joint motion. Symptoms are aggravated by weight-bearing and joint use and are relieved by resting the affected joints.

A

Osteoarthritis (OA

19
Q

is a systemic autoimmune disease involving chronic inflammation of the joints and surrounding connective tissue, frequently resulting in difficulty in performing ADLs

A

Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA)

20
Q

is performed with specialized apparatuses that provide variable resistance to movement. combines the best features of both isometrics and weight training by providing resistance at a constant, preset speed while the muscle moves through the full ROM - machines at weight clubs

A

Isokinetic

21
Q

is the most prevalent type of degenerative joint.

A

Osteoarthritis (OA)

22
Q

is the safe use of thebodyusing the correct posture, bodily alignment, balance and bodily movements to safely bend, carry, lift and move objects and people.

A

Body mechanics

23
Q

Joint disease that does not improve with rest and is most intense when arising from bed

A

Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA)

24
Q

Lie on back with head and shoulders on a small pillow

A

Supine or dorsal recumbent

25
Q 
Lower arm is positioned behind the patient and the upper arm is flexed
Upper leg flexed more than lower
Facilitates drainage from the mouth
Limits pressure on trochanter and sacrum
Good position for enemas
A

Sim’s position

26
Q

Make up nearly half the weight of the body

A

Muscles

27
Q

maximum movement possible at a joint

A

ROM (Range of motion)

28
Q

Most importantintervention to protect a patient’s skin and prevent complications of mobility

A

Turning in bed

29
Q

Movement of the joint performed by the individual without assistance

A

AROM (Active range of motion)

30
Q

Movement of the joints through their ROM when patient is unable to do it for themselves - uses another person

A

PROM (Passive range of motion)

31
Q

occurs when the amount of oxygen taken into the body does not meet the amount of oxygen required to perform the activity. Therefore, the muscles must obtain energy from metabolic pathways that do not use oxygen. Rapid, intense exercises such as lifting heavy objects and sprinting are examples

A

Anaerobic Exercise

32
Q

occurs when the amount of oxygen taken into the body meets or exceeds the amount of oxygen required to perform the activity. uses large muscle groups, can be maintained continuously, and is rhythmic in nature

A

Aerobic exercise

33
Q

Patient lies on abdomen with head turned to one side
Allows full extension of hips and knees
Allows secretions to drain from mouth

A

Prone position

34
Q

s/s of sprains and strains are similar to ________ requiring an ______ to distinguish

A

fractures

xray

35
Q

semi-sitting position w/ HOB 45-60 degrees

A

Fowler’s position

36
Q

Side lying position with top hip and knee flexed and placed in the front of the body
Createspressure on the lower scapula, ilium and trochanter but relieves pressure from the heels and sacrum

A

Lateral position

37
Q

the most common devices used to assist with positioning, provide support, and elevate body parts.

A

Pillows

38
Q

This type of exercise uses muscle contraction without motion

A

isometric

39
Q

used for rehab of lower extremeties

A

Crutch walking

40
Q

Weight training is an example of exercise with movement of of the joint during the muscle contraction

A

isotonic

41
Q

what is required for a definitive diagnosis for a fracture

A

xray

42
Q

Which type of exercise would you employ for a 28-year-old male patient who is quadriplegic to avoid contractures?

A

PROM - can’t do it himself

43
Q

– special turning technique used when patient’s spine must be kept in straight alignment. Moves the body as a un

A

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Nursing 101 (23 decks)

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