Activity and Exercise Objectives Flashcards
(infection of the bone) may develop after bone injury or surgery.
Osteomyelitis (
. Pt has to be able to assist in this type of transfer. Eg. A paraplegic with good upper body strength could safely use a transfer board but a quadriplegic probably could not)
Transfer board
a chronic inflammatory joint disease characterized by stiffening and fusion of the spine and sacroiliac joints.
usually develops in young adults,
equally in men and women.
low back pain and stiffness and decreased ROM of the spine. T
causing kyphosis
Ankylosing Spondylitis
a wood or plastic device designed to assist with moving patients. R
Transfer board
are useful for elevating the upper body when an adjustable bed is not available and for abducting the hips after hip surgery.
Foam wedge pillows
body movement
Mobility
causes joint pain, deformity, and loss of function; patients may also experience fever, fatigue, weakness, and weight loss. occurs most frequently in the fingers, wrists, elbows, ankles, and knees. The illness usually begins in mid-life and more often in women
Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA)
causes physiological changes in almost every body system, as well as psychological changes
prolonged immobility
does what it does without us thinking about it - rest, digest, fight/flight
Autonomic nervous system
First thing you do when moving a patient in the bed
lock the bed wheels
HOB 30 degrees
emi-Fowler’s
HOB 90 degrees
High Fowler’s
HOB 90 degrees w/ overbed table and pillow
Orthopneic
If a patient begins to faint allow the patient to _______ rather than ___________
slide down your leg to the floor rather than trying to catch them as they fall
Immobility results in ____% loss of muscle strength per ____
10
week
Initial tx for Sprains, Strains and fractures
RICE REST ICE COMPRESSION ELEVATION
Innervates the voluntary skeletal muscles
Somatic nervous system
involves a loss of articular cartilage in the joint, with pain and stiffness as the primary symptoms. Patients may also have decreased ROM and crepitus, a creaking or grating sound, with joint motion. Symptoms are aggravated by weight-bearing and joint use and are relieved by resting the affected joints.
Osteoarthritis (OA
is a systemic autoimmune disease involving chronic inflammation of the joints and surrounding connective tissue, frequently resulting in difficulty in performing ADLs
Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA)
is performed with specialized apparatuses that provide variable resistance to movement. combines the best features of both isometrics and weight training by providing resistance at a constant, preset speed while the muscle moves through the full ROM - machines at weight clubs
Isokinetic
is the most prevalent type of degenerative joint.
Osteoarthritis (OA)
is the safe use of thebodyusing the correct posture, bodily alignment, balance and bodily movements to safely bend, carry, lift and move objects and people.
Body mechanics
Joint disease that does not improve with rest and is most intense when arising from bed
Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA)
Lie on back with head and shoulders on a small pillow
Supine or dorsal recumbent
Lower arm is positioned behind the patient and the upper arm is flexed Upper leg flexed more than lower Facilitates drainage from the mouth Limits pressure on trochanter and sacrum Good position for enemas
Sim’s position
Make up nearly half the weight of the body
Muscles
maximum movement possible at a joint
ROM (Range of motion)
Most importantintervention to protect a patient’s skin and prevent complications of mobility
Turning in bed
Movement of the joint performed by the individual without assistance
AROM (Active range of motion)
Movement of the joints through their ROM when patient is unable to do it for themselves - uses another person
PROM (Passive range of motion)
occurs when the amount of oxygen taken into the body does not meet the amount of oxygen required to perform the activity. Therefore, the muscles must obtain energy from metabolic pathways that do not use oxygen. Rapid, intense exercises such as lifting heavy objects and sprinting are examples
Anaerobic Exercise
occurs when the amount of oxygen taken into the body meets or exceeds the amount of oxygen required to perform the activity. uses large muscle groups, can be maintained continuously, and is rhythmic in nature
Aerobic exercise
Patient lies on abdomen with head turned to one side
Allows full extension of hips and knees
Allows secretions to drain from mouth
Prone position
s/s of sprains and strains are similar to ________ requiring an ______ to distinguish
fractures
xray
semi-sitting position w/ HOB 45-60 degrees
Fowler’s position
Side lying position with top hip and knee flexed and placed in the front of the body
Createspressure on the lower scapula, ilium and trochanter but relieves pressure from the heels and sacrum
Lateral position
the most common devices used to assist with positioning, provide support, and elevate body parts.
Pillows
This type of exercise uses muscle contraction without motion
isometric
used for rehab of lower extremeties
Crutch walking
Weight training is an example of exercise with movement of of the joint during the muscle contraction
isotonic
what is required for a definitive diagnosis for a fracture
xray
Which type of exercise would you employ for a 28-year-old male patient who is quadriplegic to avoid contractures?
PROM - can’t do it himself
– special turning technique used when patient’s spine must be kept in straight alignment. Moves the body as a un
Logrolling
